Middle East Review 2024

Middle East Review 2024 Characteristics of a totalitarian government that allows governments to control their citizens a) Censorship b) Mass arrests c) Secret prisons Theocracy Government with religious leaders & laws Example of theocracy Iran Allowed for urbanization, economic growth & improving infrastructure in Middle East Discovery & use of oil revenue Purpose of OPEC Manage the oil supply Define boomtown A community going through rapid population & economic growth Boomtown example: Dubai Causes of boomtowns a) Location near trade routes (choke-points) b) Location near important resources (oil) Potential problem ONE commodity economies a) Economy tied directly to world's market price b) Resources eventually run out Solution to one commodity economies Diversifying (new industries) How was Israel created (Jewish homeland)? U.N. mandate in 1948 Arab reaction to creation of Israel Protest, terrorism, and war Reason for increase in religious fundamentalism Response to the spread of Western culture Cause of Iran Hostage Crisis Anti-American, Islamic-fundamentalist government in Iran Reasons for 2003 U.S./Iraq War 1) Supposedly sponsoring of terrorism 2) Supposedly having weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) Allowed "Arab Spring" to spread quickly Internet/Social Media Limits economic development in Middle East Political instability