biod 121 Final exam Questions and Correct Answers, With Complete Solution 2024.

biod 121 Final exam Questions and Correct Answers, With Complete Solution 2024. What is the difference between hunger and appetite? Hunger: Internal drive that prompts negative sensations for us to find food and eat Appetite: External drive that is a positive sensation; a desire to consume specific foods. List two examples of Cognitive external forces that can influence eating habits and comment on your personal experience with each of them. Habits, Comfort foods, Advertising, Social Factors, Nutritional Value 1. ______________is the internal drive to find and eat food. Often experienced as a 2. ______________ sensation. 1. Hunger 2. negative Vitamins are considered both: a. Macronutrients and Inorganic b. Macronutrients and Organic c. Micronutrients and Organic d. Micronutrients and Inorganic b. Macronutrients and Organic Define macronutrients nutrients needed in large amounts in the body If a fudge brownie has 14 grams of carbohydrates, 2 gram of protein and 9 grams of fat. How many calories are in the brownie? 14 x 4 = 56 2 x 4 = 8 9 x 9 = 81 56 + 8 + 81 = 145 calories The current recommendation to maintain your body weight is 2000 calories daily. You should not consume any more than 65% of your calories from carbohydrates. How many grams of carbohydrates should you eat in a day? 325 grams (2000 x .65 = 1300) 1300 calories / 4 = 325 grams of carbs 1. The state of ________________ nutrition can be achieved by eating a variety of foods which provide all the essential nutrients. 2. Malnutrition can either be a nutritional state of _________________ or ______________ nutrition. 1. desirable 2. A. over B. under An individual's health can be assessed using the ABCDEs of nutritional assessment. Give a brief description of what A stands for. Anthropometrics- measurements of body composition such as height and weight According to MyPlate, what types of food should we increase in our diet? fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy Based on the nutritional label shown below, how many calories would you consume if you ate the entire container of macaroni and cheese? 250 calories per serving x 2 servings per container = 500 calories Specific parts of the GI tract include the ______(A)_______, esophagus, stomach, ______(B)_______ , large intestine and rectum. Other organs such as the liver, ______(C)__________ and pancreas aid in digestion but are not considered part of the GI tract. A. mouth B. small intestine C. gallbladder Explain the cause and symptoms of heartburn. Heartburn is a burning sensation in the esophagus due to an improper closing of a sphincter that allows stomach acids to enter into the esophagus. Sphincters play an important role in the GI tract. Name two sphincters discussed in the module and using your own words, briefly describe their functions The esophageal sphincter prevents the contents of the stomach from reentering the esophagus. The pyloric sphincter controls the release of chyme into the small intestines from the stomach. The ileocecal sphincter prevents the contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine. Define the role of enzymes in digestion. Are enzymes an example of the chemical or mechanical process of digestion? Enzymes role is to breakdown food particles into smaller parts and readies the nutrients for absorption. Enzymes are an example of chemical digestion. Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and fiber. Match the following with the descriptions. a. Monosaccharides b. Disaccharides c. Insoluble Fiber d. Soluble Fiber e. Functional Fiber 1. ____ Examples include sucrose and maltose 2. ____ Examples include fructose and galactose 3. ____ Added to food for intestinal health 4. ____ Dissolves in the GI tract 5. ____ Also called non-fermentable fiber 1. ____ disaccharides 2. ____ monosaccharides 3. ____ functional fiber 4. ____ soluble fiber 5. ____ insoluble fiber Carbohydrates can be classified as monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides and fiber. Match the following with the descriptions. a. Monosaccharides b. Disaccharides c. Insoluble Fiber d. Soluble Fiber e. Functional Fiber 1. An example is galactose 2. Promotes intestinal health and is added to foods 3. Not broken down by bacteria in the GI tract 4. Maltose and sucrose are examples 5. Dissolves and provide satiety 1. monosaccharides 2. functional fiber 3. insoluble fiber 4. disaccharides 5. soluble fiber Which of the following is NOT True concerning blood sugar regulation? a.Hormones are responsible for control b.High blood sugar is called hyperglycemia c.Glucagon helps to lower blood sugar levels d.Excess glucose is stored as glycogen c.Glucagon helps to lower blood sugar levels What is the function of glucagon? Glucagon is released from the pancreas. This hormone converts liver glycogen to glucose and improves blood sugar to greater than 70 mg/dl. Name the food groups that vegans will include in their diet and those that they avoid. Vegans will consume plant foods only. The biological value of a protein is different in _____(A)_______ vs plant sources. _____(B)_______ sources are considered high quality or complete proteins. Plant sources are considered lower quality or _____(C)_______ protein. When two or more plant proteins combine, the proteins are called complimentary proteins. A condition resulting from regularly consuming insufficient amounts of proteins and calories is called protein-calorie malnutrition. A. animal B. Animal C. incomplete Which of the following is NOT true concerning fats and lipids? a. Polyunsaturated fatty acids cause the greatest increase in LDL levels b. A relations