INTRODUCTION
QEI
. .
t o EE
PSYCHOLOGY
.
A N D
HISTORY
Of PSYCHOLOGY
, Ch . 1 FOUNDATIONAL IDEAS FROM ANTIQUITY
( p .
23 -
57 )
.
Plato ( ca .
424 -
347 B. C . ) was taught by Socrates
Socrates philosophical nativism
°
: B.o.B
p
' '
"
( fully formed forget knowledge
LD
Dialog Ueno but ten
£
g
°
lies within psyche )
Enfpierusemknowreisatogettecomes
emphasizing LD rationalism C reason )
-
of
through processing
sensory experiences of the etlernal world
The
greek miracle and the pre Socratic philosophers
.
Psyche :
breath
;
Eater on soul
Protagoras of
"
"
: Man is the measure all things
.
.
↳ attracted Socrates
Hippocrates physician
.
:
↳ humoral theory explains health and illness
CD balance or imbalance OC four fluids in body
( humors )
=D emphasis on natural causes C opposed to e. S . demons )
b established a basis for responsible , Observational
medical practice
.
Nativism : not simply accumulating experiences through
external but interpreting them
senses , knowing and
with innate rational faculties
Plato
.
What is the relationship between innate features and
sensory experiences ? ( Plato )
conscious of
appearance experience Something
.
=
LD es .
seeing a tree
•
ideal forms represent and underlie an appearance
=D idealism fundamental behind
something sensory
=
experiences
•
allegory of the cave
↳
relationship between conscious experiences of the
World and the objective nature of the
external
physical stimuli C sensation and Perception )
, }
•
appetites
three components of the
•
courage psyche
•
reason
→ each 's these components in different
person psyche possesses
proportions
us three classes in society
oligarchy elite guardians with
Lb C ruled by innate
power of reason )
Aristotle C Empiricism )
careful extensive observation
•
and
d
•
systematic Classification
=D taxonomy =
arrangement
of
organisms into hierarchically
ordered subgroups
groups and
observation
active
organisation Of
•
how get knowledge
'
D we
-
Psyche psyche )
Peri C On the :
•
scale of nature
↳ living organisms possess with different degrees of
psyches
complexity
1.
vegetative soul ( nourishment and reproduction )
(
£3
2. e 2-2
2. sensitive ( locomotion I imagination )
.
•
saw , sensation , memory and
. Rational soul ( reason )
=D reason C human )
; imagination t
memory
( complete animals );
Sensation t movement C simple animals ) i reproduction
+ nourishment C plants )
•
tabula rasa
C )
⑦
↳ experiences are imprinted and preserved memory
" "
CD tablet once again becomes blank
.
Fundamental categorization of human rational soul
quantity time
CD substance
, quality , ,
location , ,
relation
,
activity
=D Aristotle logic
, =D essential conceptual foundations for a future Science
of C )
psychology Socrates ,
Plato and Aristotle
Atomic
theory
-
Democritus : atomic
theory "
atoms
"
CD objects are made of tiny ,
solid and unbreakable
LD universe is made up of an unlimited number
of atoms in empty space C the void )
moving an
CD When collide they Chester and combine
they ,
to physical substances in our world
greek nature of
causality
•
:
CD every caused event has a purpose
§ random movements of atoms
°
all caused events have four essential components ( Aristotle )
→ material cause c What it's made of )
→
formal cause C idea behind it )
→ efficient cause ( actions that being it into being )
→ final cause ( its )
purpose
•
Epicurus :
follower of atomic theory
Lucretius celebrated epicurean philosophy in
poem
°
)
"
↳ De Rerum Natura C of
things
"
on the nature
CD atomism ,
moderate hedonism and materialistic conception
oh the soul
Islamic pioneers
.
islamic empire
LD Scholars preserved , translated and elaborated upon greek works
°
At -
Kindi
↳ Indo -
Arabic numerals
Lrs algebra
=D important for scientific evolvement
QEI
. .
t o EE
PSYCHOLOGY
.
A N D
HISTORY
Of PSYCHOLOGY
, Ch . 1 FOUNDATIONAL IDEAS FROM ANTIQUITY
( p .
23 -
57 )
.
Plato ( ca .
424 -
347 B. C . ) was taught by Socrates
Socrates philosophical nativism
°
: B.o.B
p
' '
"
( fully formed forget knowledge
LD
Dialog Ueno but ten
£
g
°
lies within psyche )
Enfpierusemknowreisatogettecomes
emphasizing LD rationalism C reason )
-
of
through processing
sensory experiences of the etlernal world
The
greek miracle and the pre Socratic philosophers
.
Psyche :
breath
;
Eater on soul
Protagoras of
"
"
: Man is the measure all things
.
.
↳ attracted Socrates
Hippocrates physician
.
:
↳ humoral theory explains health and illness
CD balance or imbalance OC four fluids in body
( humors )
=D emphasis on natural causes C opposed to e. S . demons )
b established a basis for responsible , Observational
medical practice
.
Nativism : not simply accumulating experiences through
external but interpreting them
senses , knowing and
with innate rational faculties
Plato
.
What is the relationship between innate features and
sensory experiences ? ( Plato )
conscious of
appearance experience Something
.
=
LD es .
seeing a tree
•
ideal forms represent and underlie an appearance
=D idealism fundamental behind
something sensory
=
experiences
•
allegory of the cave
↳
relationship between conscious experiences of the
World and the objective nature of the
external
physical stimuli C sensation and Perception )
, }
•
appetites
three components of the
•
courage psyche
•
reason
→ each 's these components in different
person psyche possesses
proportions
us three classes in society
oligarchy elite guardians with
Lb C ruled by innate
power of reason )
Aristotle C Empiricism )
careful extensive observation
•
and
d
•
systematic Classification
=D taxonomy =
arrangement
of
organisms into hierarchically
ordered subgroups
groups and
observation
active
organisation Of
•
how get knowledge
'
D we
-
Psyche psyche )
Peri C On the :
•
scale of nature
↳ living organisms possess with different degrees of
psyches
complexity
1.
vegetative soul ( nourishment and reproduction )
(
£3
2. e 2-2
2. sensitive ( locomotion I imagination )
.
•
saw , sensation , memory and
. Rational soul ( reason )
=D reason C human )
; imagination t
memory
( complete animals );
Sensation t movement C simple animals ) i reproduction
+ nourishment C plants )
•
tabula rasa
C )
⑦
↳ experiences are imprinted and preserved memory
" "
CD tablet once again becomes blank
.
Fundamental categorization of human rational soul
quantity time
CD substance
, quality , ,
location , ,
relation
,
activity
=D Aristotle logic
, =D essential conceptual foundations for a future Science
of C )
psychology Socrates ,
Plato and Aristotle
Atomic
theory
-
Democritus : atomic
theory "
atoms
"
CD objects are made of tiny ,
solid and unbreakable
LD universe is made up of an unlimited number
of atoms in empty space C the void )
moving an
CD When collide they Chester and combine
they ,
to physical substances in our world
greek nature of
causality
•
:
CD every caused event has a purpose
§ random movements of atoms
°
all caused events have four essential components ( Aristotle )
→ material cause c What it's made of )
→
formal cause C idea behind it )
→ efficient cause ( actions that being it into being )
→ final cause ( its )
purpose
•
Epicurus :
follower of atomic theory
Lucretius celebrated epicurean philosophy in
poem
°
)
"
↳ De Rerum Natura C of
things
"
on the nature
CD atomism ,
moderate hedonism and materialistic conception
oh the soul
Islamic pioneers
.
islamic empire
LD Scholars preserved , translated and elaborated upon greek works
°
At -
Kindi
↳ Indo -
Arabic numerals
Lrs algebra
=D important for scientific evolvement
