Bio 101 Practice Exam Questions and Answers All Correct

Bio 101 Practice Exam Questions and Answers All Correct The smallest unit of biological structure that meets the functional requirements of "living" is the . - Answer-cell A scientist observes that when she opens the back door of her house to let her cat out, the songs of a certain species of bird abruptly change. She wants to follow up on her observations with an informal experiment. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for explaining the birds' song changes? - Answer-The bird species switches from song to warning call whenever it sees a potential predator. The attempt to disprove a hypothesis is accomplished by which of the following tasks? - Answer-conducting experiments A scientist wishes to test a new antibiotic's ability to treat stubborn bacterial infections. He tests his hypothesis that the antibiotic works better than existing treatments by giving bacterial infections to mice and treating them with the antibiotic. He then determines how many of the mice recover from their infections. What is missing from his experimental design? - Answer-He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic. A scientist believes that she has found a new life form. Which of the following conditions is not considered essential in determining whether the putative new life form is alive? - Answer-The creature's body is bilaterally symmetrical. Which of the following lists correctly presents levels of organization from simplest to most complex? - Answer-molecules, cells, populations, ecosystems An "educated guess" as to what causes an observed phenomenon is known as a: - Answer-hypothesis Why are theories stronger and more reliable than hypotheses? - Answer-because they are based on many experimentally tested hypotheses Biologists have organized the diversity of life into three domains based largely on - Answer-molecular data. The domain Eukarya includes all of the following except - Answer-Archaea. A phylogenetic tree - Answer-all of these Which of the following is not a feature of scientific hypotheses? - Answer-They are unable to be falsified. The advantage of controlled experiments is that - Answer-all variables are held constant except for one. Which of the following statements represents a scientific point of view? - Answer- Testing the effect of antibiotics on E. coli can help prevent deaths from food poisoning. Which of the following questions cannot be answered by means of the hypothetico- deductive method? - Answer-Are red roses more beautiful than yellow roses? Overfishing of the western bluefin tuna in the Gulf of Mexico breeding ground resulted in a serious decline in the population. Fishing quotas were established in the Gulf of Mexico to allow the endangered population to recover. Why did this policy fail to achieve the desired result? - Answer-Western and eastern populations of bluefin feed throughout the entire North Atlantic. Who is credited with founding the scientific method? - Answer-Francis Bacon Prokaryotes - Answer-lack organelles. Extremophiles largely belong to the domain - Answer-Archaea Science is a tool, but has specific limits. Which of the following issues is not able to be addressed by science? - Answer-Who would win in a fight: Odin or Zeus. Water molecules have one oxygen atom that is more electronegative than the two hydrogen atoms bound to it. As a result, which type of bonding holds water molecules together? - Answer-polar covalent bonding A team of researchers is investigating a new carbon-rich molecule important to life. They find evidence for the presence of both cis and trans isomers of the molecule in a mixture of near-pure molecules. Which of the following must be contained in the new molecule? - Answer-a double bond Consider the following chemical equation which depicts the mechanism by which humans maintain an acid-base balance in the blood: H+ + HCO3- ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H20 + CO2 What happens if the carbon dioxide on the right is not removed from the blood via the lungs? - Answer-The reaction will be driven toward the left, resulting in the blood becoming more acidic. A biologist isolates a large, unidentified molecule from some cells in his lab. What type of reaction could he initiate to determine whether the molecule is a polymer and, thus, a macromolecule?) - Answer-hydrolysis (using water to break bonds) The disease called sickle-cell anemia is caused by a change in a single amino acid residue in the hemoglobin protein, resulting in a distortion of the protein's shape at which levels? - Answer-primary and secondary A biochemist is analyzing an aqueous solution of a pure unidentified macromolecule that she isolated from the cytosolic fraction of plant cells. After adding an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking of phosphodiester bonds, she observes that the macromolecule disappears. What is the most likely explanation? - Answer-The macromolecule was DNA from the chloroplast and mitochondria.