The Human Body in Health and Disease Chapter 3_Cytoplasm - ANS-Living matter. Questions and Answers

The Human Body in Health and Disease Chapter 3_Cytoplasm - ANS-Living matter. Questions and Answers Plasma membrane - ANS-Surrounds cells. Outer boundary. Two layers of phosphate. Phospholipids - ANS-In plasma membrane. Fluid framework. Cholesterol - ANS-A fat molecule that helps stabilize the phospholipid molecules to prevent breakage of the plasma membrane. Tissue typing - ANS-A procedure performed before transplanting an organ from one individual to another. Cilia - ANS-Fine, hairlike extensions found on the exposed or free surfaces of some cells. Endoplasmic reticulum - ANS-An organelle that is distinguished by the fact that it has two types. Either smooth or rough. Ribosomes - ANS-Usually attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum and produces enzymes and other protein compounds. Mitochondria - ANS-Provides energy-releasing chemical reactions that go on continuously. Lysosomes - ANS-Organelles that can digest and destroy microbes that invade the cell. Golgi apparatus - ANS-Mucus is an example of a product manufactured by this. Centricles - ANS-Rod-shaped structures;play an important role in cell division. Chromatin granules - ANS-Threadlike structures made up of proteins and DNA. Flagellum - ANS-Sperm cell is an example of a specialized organelle. Microvilla - ANS-Increase absorption rate of nutrients in the blood. ATP - ANS-Energy required for active transport process. Active transport process - ANS-Uphill movement of a substance through living cell membrane. Diffusion - ANS-An example of a passive transport process. Active transport process - ANS-Ion pump is an example of this movement. Passive transport - ANS-Movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.