NURS 345 Mental Health Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024 Correctly done

Mental health laws protect - Both patients and the caregivers Most patients are admitted - On an emergency involuntary status Involuntary treatments only persist when - Psychiatric professionals confirm there is a mental health problem that interferes with the person's safe functioning What is one of the most important legal concepts in psychiatry? - Confidentiality Unintentional tort - Type of negligence called malpractice Malpractice - Professionals fail to act in accordance with professional standards - the fail to foresee consequences of their action or inaction at the level that would be expected of someone with similar training and experience Who articulated levels of awareness? - Freud Conscious - Contains all the material a person is aware of at any one time including perceptions, memories, thoughts, fantasies, and feelings Preconscious - Contains material that can be retrieved rather easily through conscious effort Unconscious - All repressed memories, passions, and unacceptable urges lying deep below the surface Freud's three psychological processes of personality - ID, ego, supergoID - At birth Totally unconscious and impulsive - it is the source of all drives, instincts, reflexes, and needs Cannot tolerate frustration and seeks to discharge tension and return to a comfortable level of energy For example - screaming infant who is hungry Superego - Develops between the ages of 3-5 years of age, resides in all levels of awareness Ego - Resides in the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious levels of awareness Attempts to navigate the world Interpersonal theory of personality development - Focuses on interpersonal processes that can be observed in a social framework Interpersonal theory - Believed human beings are driven by the need for interaction Relationship with primary parenting figure is crucial for personality development Interpersonal therapy - Effective short-term therapy Goal-reduce or eliminate psychiatric symptoms by improving interpersonal functioning Satisfaction with social relationships Three particular problems: grief and loss, interpersonal disputes, and role transition Hildegard Peplau - Developed the interpersonal theoretical framework that has become the foundation of psychiatric mental health nursing practice Nurse-patient relationship as the foundation of nursing practice Cognitive theory - Thoughts come before feelings and actions Thoughts may not be a clear representation of reality and may be distorted Cognitive-behavioral therapy - BeckMost commonly used and accepted Empirically validated psychotherapeutic approach, focuses on identifying, understanding, and changing distorted thoughts Aaron Beck - Used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, phobias, and pain States feelings and behaviors are largely determined by the way people think about the world and their place in it Stage 1 of theories of moral development - Obedience and punishment This stage focuses on rules and on listening to authority - people believe that obedience is the method to avoid punishment Stage 2 of theories of moral development - Individualism and exchange This stage is where individuals become aware that not everyone thinks the way that they do, and that different people see rules differently If others decide to break the rules, they are risking punishment Stage 3 of theories of moral development - Good interpersonal relationships Children begin to view rightness or wrongness as related to motivations, personality, or the goodness or badness of the person Stage 4 of theories of moral development - Maintaining the social order "Rules are rules" The reasoning behind it is not simply to avoid punishment - it is because the person has begun to adopt a broader view of society - listening to authority maintains the social order Stage 5 of theories of moral development - Social contract and individual rights People still believe that the social order is important, but the social order must be good For example, if the social order is corrupt, then rules should be changed and it is a duty to protect the rights of othersStage 6 of theories of moral development - Universal ethical principles Actions should create justice for everyone involved - we are obliged to break unjust laws What are diagnoses of mental illnesses based off of? - Signs and symptoms Frontal lobe - Thought processes Formulates or selects goals Decision making, insight, motivation, and social judgment