NC BLET S.C.A.T., Subject ControlArrest Techniques S.C.A.T questions and answers

What is the recommended reactionary distance 5-6 ft If a subject goes for your weapon, as an LEO this makes it a deadly force situation 3 spray patterns 1. 1 person - circle toward face 2. crowds - horizontal 3. animals - vertical along the snout OC spray can cause damage to the eyes at a distance of 36 inches or less What court case established the "reasonableness" standard for LEO use of force? Graham vs. Connor Force options non-deadly force, and deadly force When it comes to deciding on the amount and method of force, what is the most important factor? The immediacy of the threat Reasonableness must be judged from the perspective of a reasonable officer Decisions must be based on the totality of the circumstances Reasonableness is determined by all the surrounding circumstances that caused the officer to make the decision on the use of force Force Factors/Variables a. subject behavior b. totality of the circumstances c. environmental conditions d. reaction time/distance from subject e. multiple subjects/ officer f. size & gender of officer/suspect g. skill level of officer h. apparent skill level of suspect i. age of suspect/officer j. injury or exhaustion k. weapon availability l. availability of alternative actions m. previous knowledge of suspect What do you need in a use of force report? In Narrative: 1) Assessment of initial call 2) Observations made during call (nature of call and information from dispatcher) 3) *Actions taken described in detail choice of force options and what was done/said after control gained 4) Summary of encounter (document events following arrest) Reactionary Positioning Zones a. Zone 1- directly in front b. Zone 2- 45' off either front shoulder c. Zone 3- directly to the side of each shoulder d. Zone 4- 45' off either rear shoulder/escort position e. Zone 5- directly behind Pressure Points are applied by finger-tip pressure or sudden penetration Pressure Point methods Hypoglossal- approximately one inch forward of the mandible jaw angle and one inch under the jaw Mandibular Angle- base of the earlobe between the mastoid and mandible. Touch pressure. Jugular notch- located in between collar boned below neckline. Apply with sudden penetration OC spray is classified as inflammatory. The color code is orange Non-verbal cues that lead to resistance Heavy/audible breathing; clenching of teeth; unusual sweating; fist clenching; weight shifting; target glancing; ceasing of all movement; "dressing down"; spitting; ignoring or staring through you Verbal cues that lead to resistance Raspiness in voice; repeated phrases; profanity; depersonalization of officer; stops answering questions; uncooperative to cooperative Weaponless control techniques Brachial plexus origin - side of the neck. Strike with back of opened hand; heel of hand; forearm Suprascapular nerve - juncture where trapezius connects to side of neck. "hammer fist"; knife hand Radial nerve - approx. two inches below elbow joint on top of the forearm knife hand; closed fist; forearm/elbow; impact weapon Common peroneal nerve - general area on side of thigh between hip and knee knee spear; shin kick; closed fist; elbow; impact weapon Femoral nerve - approx between knee and groin on inner thigh shin kick; knee spear; elbow; closed fist; impact weapon A baton may be used to apprehend, restrain, defend, or counterattack Primary target/striking areas for an impact weapon center muscle mass of the arm, leg, and body Where to NOT strike with an impact weapon unless deadly force is authorized Head/sternum/groin Closed mode strikes with impact weapon close contact techniques designed to provide safe separation from an assaultive subject Open mode strikes with impact weapon long range techniques which provide additional safe separation for the officer. They also increase the officer's ability to disengage if needed Regardless of the type of handcuff used, it is imperative that officers are aware the handcuff is a temporary restraining device and its proper use and application is critical for the safety of the officer and subject The purpose of the initial or "mini" search is to remove weapons Types of aerosol/chemical sprays OC, CS, or CN Persuading dialogue is the best defensive tactic, a verbal warning may be given before OC spray is deployed When using OC spray, aim for the subject's bridge of the nose Detail actions done by the suspect and actions you took in the use of force report Diagonal is not an OC spray pattern An officer is judged based on the totality of the circumstances/known factors Which of these is appropriate on the radial nerve? A "Closed/hammer fist" B "Back of hand" C "Pinch" D "Uppercut" A "Closed/hammer fist" Non-deadly Force Not likely to cause death or serious physical injury To prevent escape from custody/effect an arrest To defend himself/third person from what reasonably believed to be use/imminent use of physical force Use of deadly force is justified when: Defending him/herself or 3rd person from what is reasonably believed to be use/imminent use of deadly physical force; To effect arrest/prevent escape from custody of a person reasonably believed to be attempting escape by means of deadly weapon; To prevent escape of a person from custody imposed upon him/her as a result of conviction for a felony Officers do not have to exhaust other lower levels of force options before... moving to another, so long as it is justified. Force Factors/Variables Subject Behavior Totality of Circumstances Environmental Conditions Reaction time/distance from subject Multiple subjects/officers Size/Gender of subject/officer Skill Level of Officer Apparent skill level of suspect Age of subject/officer Injury or exhaustion Weapons availability Availability of alternative actions Previous knowledge of subject Positioning Zone 1 Directly in front of subject (You DON'T want to be here) Positioning Zone 2 45 deg. off either side of subject (preferable zone) Positioning Zone 3 Directly to the side of either shoulder on a subject Positioning Zone 4 45 deg from rear of either side of subject Positioning Zone 5 Directly behind subject Nonverbal Cues helps predict 50-90% of resistance level Should look for "clusters" of these behaviors Ex: Heavy breathing Clenching teeth/jaw Unusual sweating Fist clenching Weight shifting/blading of body/shoulder roll Target glancing Ceasing of all movement Dressing down Spitting Conspicuously ignoring and staring through