OCANZ Written Exam Questions and Answers 2024/2025 UPDTED

OCANZ Written Exam Questions and Answers 2024/2025 UPDTED 25 year old with stargardts disease requests assistance with reading tasks, lighting at work and travel, which of the following professional below will assist himoccuptational therapist, orientation instructor, phsycologist & GMP, Physiotherapist & Rehab, Social worker & Ophthalmologist - ANSWERS What is Stargardt disease - ANSWERS is the most common form of inherited juvenile macular degeneration. Wife calls requesting details on husbands eye test. Do you: get verbal consent, refuse call, get written consent - ANSWERS get written consent Diabetic recently diagnosed unstable. Refraction reveals significant myopic shift compared to last visit 12 months ago. Which is the most appropriate course of action: a/ prescribe specs & report to GP b/ Refer to Ophthalmologist, c/ Discuss findings with GP before prescribing Rx, d/ Obtain info on current blood glucose levels - ANSWERS c/ Discuss findings with GP before prescribing Rx, The main cause of amblyopia in a child: anisometropia 2, accommodative eso, intermittent exo - ANSWERS anisometropia 2, Which of the following can match Illuminant c: Incandescent, Halogen, Flourescent, sodium - ANSWERS Fluorescent 25 years old enquiring her suitability for laser refractive surgery. Which of the following is NOT essential pre-operatively: a/ Tonometry, b/ Tear film stability c/ pupil size, d/ Gonio - ANSWERS d/ Gonio What is Kolleners rule in relation to colour vision? - ANSWERS outer retinal diseases and media changes result in blue-yellow color defects inner retina, optic nerve, visual pathway, and visual cortex will result in red-green defects. (increased susceptibility of S-cones and rods to ischaemia and oxidative damage, although S-cone loss is more noticeable due to their lower density and their higher metabolic rate) (Kollners rule, retinal disease will give a blue yellow defect and optic nerve disease will give a red green defect but the exceptions are glaucoma which will give a blue yellow defect and central cone degeneration which will give a red green defect) Which causes a red defect- red cap test: optic neuritis, Amd - ANSWERS Optic neuritis Lissamine green; what does it stain? - ANSWERS Lissamine green stains dead and degenerate cells, yet does not stain healthy epithelial cells. (NaFl permeates into the intercellular space associated with any epithelial cellular disruption) Is gonio indicated with Hyphaema? - ANSWERS no What is prenticies rule? - ANSWERS P (prism dioptres =c (decentration in cm) x F(power of lens in dioptres) What is the most preventable cause of AMD? - ANSWERS Smoking 15 years old attends eye examination, best Va's R6/6, L 6/24 (told ambloypic). Which occuptation should he NOT pursue: a/ Train driver, B/ construction worker, c/ Electrician, d/ Dentist - ANSWERS a/ Train driver RGP fit with lens riding high and bubbles underneath. What is the bubbles underneathname? What is the cause? How would you change the fit? Rewrite the prescription, base curve/power/diameter according to change in fit. 0.05 base curve change the rx by 0.25, 0.5mm diam change etc...all the rules of thumb - ANSWERS DimpleVeil RGP too steep - reduce total diameter, flatten Change BOZR by 0.1mm then change power of 0.50D to keep NaFL pattern? Increase TD by 0.1mm then flatten BOZR by 0.05mm Picture of GPC, differential diagnosis, treatment Treatment method for GPC? - ANSWERS improve lens hygeine Increase lens replacement frequency DD if possible Reduce modulus of lens material (Swap to hydrogel lens, be aware more difficult to handle) Manage lid margin disease If sever - topical Mast cell stabalisers Colour vision: What careers can you do if you have a defect? What is the fail criterion for D15. What test would you do to confirm ishihara? - ANSWERS Fail criterion is 2 or more diagonal crossings D15 can classify but not grade severity 63 year old elderly woman with purple loss in vision for past 3 weeks, she is experiencing jaw claudication. a) What is your diagnosis? b)What is your systemic and optometric management? c) Patients prognosis? - ANSWERS GCA evaluating visual acuity, pupils (looking for a relative afferent defect), intraocular pressures, anterior segment examination, motility examination (looking for ocular misalignment and/or evidence of cranial neuropathies), and a dilated fundus examination (evaluating for signs of optic nerve or retinal ischemia) Visual fields testing ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), high then indicated inflamation CRP (C reactive protein) - produced by liver with inflamation platelets temporal artery biopsy prog good if no CRAO or AAION, better prognosis the sooenr steroids are started Patient burnt with laser. Management - ANSWERS NSAID or Anti VEGF depending on severity Name of drops post cataract and percentages post op. - ANSWERS Different ophthals do different things. Ideally you want an antibiotic eg chloramphenicol for 1 month qid and a steroid eg maxidex for 1 month qid start tapering after 1 week ie 4 then 3 then 2 then 1 drop then an NSAID eg voltaren bid for a month Visual fields: inferior nasal step, what ot