Review for NUR 180 final Exam Questions With Verified Answers

Review for NUR 180 final Exam Questions With Verified Answers ABG's - answerR.O.M.E. CO2 values - answer35-45 HCO3 values - answer22-26 Metabolic Alkalosis- causes - answerloss of gastric secretions, overdose of antacids, diuretics, excessive vomitting. Metabolic Alkalosis- symptoms - answerN/V, diaphoretic, shallow breathing, EKG changes, lethargy, tetany, muscle cramps, tingling in extremities. Metabolic Acidosis- causes - answerDiabetic Ketoacidosis, Diarrhea, renal failure, shock, aspirin overdose, sepsis. Metabolic Acidosis- symptoms - answerKussmal's breathing, diarrhea, renal secretions, CNS depression, cardiac dysrhythmias, ^ K+ Cl-Ca+, flushed skin, Nausea. *Give BICARB (antacid)* Respiratory Acidosis- causes - answerhypoventilation, drug overdose, chest trauma, pulmonary edema, airway obstruction, COPD, neuromuscular disease. HYPOVENTILATION. Respiratory Acidosis- symptoms - answerdiaphoresis, K retention, dysrhythmias, seizures, hypoxia, decreased BP. Respiratory Alkalosis- causes - answerHYPERVENTILATION, anxiety, high altitude, pregnancy, fever, initial stage of PE. Respiratory Alkalosis- symptoms - answerHA, dizziness, lethargy, N/V, tachy, cyanosis, tetany, tinitis, *dec Ca+ and K+* signs of decreased calcium - answer1. trousseaus test 2. Chvostek's sign 3 phases of ARF - answer1. prerenal 2. intrarenal 3. postrenal post-op nursing care for lithotripsy - answerfrequent VS, watch for copmplications, bleeding- bright red urine, placement and patency of catheter ARF diagnostic tests - answerRenal US, CT scan, IV pyelography, renal biopsy Lithotripsy - answerESWL,sound, laser to dry shock waves to break up stone. open surgical procedures for Kidney stones - answer1. open ureterolithotomy - into ureter 2. pyelolithotomy - into kidney pelvis 3. nephrolithotomy - into kidney calcium stone med - answerthiazide diuretics *avoid dairy* Corticosteroids - answerfluticasone, prednison. potassium lab values - answer3.5-5.0 COPD rescue drugs - answerBETA AGONISTS. bronchodilation, improved hyperinflation, dyspnea. Most dramatic SX of ARF in younger adults - answermarked oliguria Anticholinergic Agents - answerATROVENT, APOLPRAVENT, SPIRIVA. bronchodilation. long-acting beta agonist - answerSALMETEROL. slow onset w/ long duration. maintenance drug. NOT for attacks. Short-acting beta agonists - answerALBUTEROL, BITOLTEROL, LEVABUTEROL, PIRBUTEROL, TERBUTALINE. used before or DURING asthma attack. Flucticasone ( FLOVENT) - answerBID, prevents asthma triggered by inflammation or allergies. NSAIDs - answernedocromil, cromolyn sodium. Signs and symptoms of PC - answerAsymptomatic early on, BPH/obstruction symptoms, hematuria, malaise/fatigue, weight loss, pain w/ ejaculation. Low back pain w/ Mets. hypocalcemia symptoms - answerconvulsions, arrhythias, tetany, spasms, stridor. Trousseaus, Chvosteks. NEVER IM! kayexalate - answerused for hyperkalemia, gets rid of excess potassium in blood. Acute Renal Failure - answersudden onset, typically reversible, decreased blood flow, decreased blood volume, or damage to kidneys nephrons.