Chem 210 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 100% Accurate.

sp Hybridization - ANSWER2 SP + 2 π orbital Linear geometry at carbon sp² Hybridization - ANSWER3 SP + 1 π orbital Trigonal planar geometry at carbon sp³ Hybridization - ANSWER4 SP orbitals Tetrahedral geometry Antibonding MOs - ANSWERDestructive interference waves created by high energy electrons in MO models (Node is always present in antibonds) Bonding MOs - ANSWERConstructive interference waves created by lower energy electrons in MO models (No nodes, but beware of node-like low-probability regions) HOMO - ANSWERHighest Occupied Molecular Orbital -Holds highest energy electrons -NUCLEOPHILIC LUMO - ANSWERLowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital -Lowest energy empty orbital -ELECTROPHILIC Generic Ordering of MOs (by energy) - ANSWERσ* - Almost never occupied in ground state π* - Rarely occupied in ground state n - Non-bonding (LONE PAIRS) π - Always occupied in compounds w/ multiple bonds σ - At least 1 occupied in all molecules Nonpolar Covalent Bond - ANSWERBond in which the electronegativity difference between bonded atoms is LESS THAN 0.5 Ex: C=C Polar Covalent Bond - ANSWERBond in which the electronegativity difference between bonded atoms is BETWEEN 0.5 and 2.0 Ex: C=O Ionic Bond - ANSWERBond in which the electronegativity difference between bonded atoms is MORE THAN 2.0 Ex: ONa