CANS EXAM 1 Questions With Verified Answers

CANS EXAM 1 Questions With Verified Answers General Systems Theory- Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1936) - answerA common framework for studying several similar disciplines would allow scientists and scholars to organize and communicate findings, making it easier to build on the work of others. Components of Systems - answer-Input: material that enters a system -Throughput: processes a system uses to convert material -Output: end result or product of the system -Evaluation: measures the success or failure of the output -Feedback: information given back into the system to determine whether the purpose or end result of the system has been achieved Hospital as a System - answerThe success of the hospital depends on the functioning of many subsystems First: The whole is different from and greater than the sum of its parts (its subsystems). Second: Synergy occurs when all the various subsystems work together to create a result that is not independently achievable. Supra-system - answerThe larger environment outside the system An OPEN system - answerpromotes the exchange of matter, energy, and information with other systems and the environment. A CLOSED system - answerdoes not interact with other systems or with the surrounding environment Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - answer1) Physiologic needs - food, oxygen, rest, activity, shelter, and sexual expression 2) Physical and psychological safety and security - reasonably predictable environment with which one has some familiarity and relative freedom from fear and chaos 3) Love and belonging - close intimate relations, social relations, a place in the social structure 4) Self-esteem - need to feel self-worth, self-respect, and self-reliance 5) Self actualization - realized maximum potential Various environmental systems: - answerfamily, cultural, social, poverty, community/gloabl WHO's definition of health: - answera state of complete physical, mental, and social well- being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Healthy People 2020 - answeraddresses a small set of health issues that are significant threats to the health and the public. 26 leading health indicators. These indicators are organized into 12 topic areas on quality of life, healthy behaviors, and healthy human development across the life span. Health Beliefs Model Rosenstock (1966, 1990) - answer= "why some people change their health behaviors while others do not." Three components: 1. An evaluation of one's vulnerability to a condition and the seriousness of that condition 2. An evaluation of how effective the health maintenance behavior might be 3. The presence of a trigger event that precipitates the health maintenance behavior Self-Efficacy Concept Bandura (1997) - answerSelf-efficacy is the belief in oneself as having the ability to modify behavior Four components for effective lifestyle change: 1) Information 2) Skill development 3) Skill enhancement through guided practice and feedback 4) Creating social supports for ch