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Samenvatting Hoofdstuk 16 - Voeding en vertering

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In deze samenvatting staat de belangrijkste info uit hoofdstuk 16 - voeding en vertering van 10voorbiologie.

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10 voor biologie
Hoofdstuk 16 – Voeding en Vertering
Koolhydraten
 Monosachriden [ oplosbaar ] Koolhydraten worden omgezet naar glucose >
 Disacheriden [ en zoet ] glucogeen (opgeslagen in lever en spieren). Ook zijn ze
 Polysacheriden (onoplosbaar) bouwstof in RNA, DNA en celmembranen.

Zetmeel, cellulose




Vetten

 Verzadigde vetzuren Reservestof, isolatiemateriaal
 Onverzadigde vetzuren Structuur, verbranding

Behoren tot lipiden en bestaan uit 1 glycerol en 3 vetmoleculen. Een essentieel vetzuur is linolzuur.
Cholesterol, een vetachtige stof, houdt de fosfolipiden van membranen op hun plaats. Een teveel aan
cholesterol leidt tot hart- en vaatziekten. Dierlijke vetten zijn meestal vetten, plantaardige meestal
olie. Koolwaterstoffen zijn oneetbaar.

Eiwitten / proteïnen
 Niet-essentiële eiwitten
 Essentiële eiwitten

Eiwitten worden afgebroken tot aminozuren. Er zijn 20 verschillende eiwitten, allemaal nodig voor
assimilatie.

Water
Drink 2 liter water per etmaal, om de waterbalans te behouden.




Mineralen
Spoorelementen: mineralen die in zeer kleine hoeveelheid nodig zijn voor het goed verlopen van
stofwisselingsprocessen, zoals jodium en fluor.

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