Human Anatomy and Physiology Exam #1.docx

Anatomy - correct answer the study of the structure of an organism Physiology - correct answer the study of the functioning of an organism Cytology - correct answer the study of cells Histology - correct answer the study of tissues Molecular Biology - correct answer the study of biological molecules Genetics - correct answer The study of genes and inheritance Microbiology - correct answer the study of bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes & protozoans Embryology - correct answer the study of the development of embryos Pathology - correct answer the study of the progression & effects of disease within an organism Epidemiology - correct answer the study of the transmission of disease between organism Metabolism - correct answer process of extracting and transforming energy Energy - correct answer the capacity to do work Work - correct answer a change in motion of matter Properties of Life - correct answer 1. Water 2. Metabolism 3. Absorption 4. Growth 5. Repair 6. Capacity for Independent Reproduction 7.Circulation 8. Excretion 9. Environmental Interaction/Adaptation 10. Movement 11. Cellular Structure 12. Chemical Uniqueness Anabolic metabolism - correct answer Synthesis of larger molecules from smaller Catabolic metabolism - correct answer Reduction of larger molecules into smaller Circulation - correct answer moving raw materials in and out of body Adaptation on Individual Level - correct answer irritability (reaction to stimuli) homeostasis, heat & cold, thirst Adaptation on Species Level - correct answer evolution of new forms, 24/7 changes in environment, gene pool allows adaptation; otherwise there is extinction Movement - correct answer internal or external, e.g. sunflowers follow sun Chemical Uniqueness - correct answer Life forms produce macromolecules nucleic acids - correct answer composed of nucleotide subunits Proteins - correct answer Composed of amino acid subunits Carbohydrate - correct answer Composed of saccharide (sugars) subunits Lipids - correct answer Composed of fatty acid subunits Disease - correct answer the inability to return to the homeostatic range constant inability results in death Homeostasis - correct answer A dynamic state of equilibrium in which optimal parameters of the body are maintained Negative Feedback - correct answer movement back towards the homeostatic set point Positive Feedback - correct answer Movement away from the homeostatic set point Integumentary System - correct answer Thermoregulation, sensory, interface w/ environment, vitamin D synthesis