WHAT DIFFERENT TYPES OF LOVE ARE EXPLORED IN 'OTHELLO'?

WHAT DIFFERENT TYPES OF LOVE ARE EXPLORED IN 'OTHELLO'? 'for when my outward action doth demonstrate the native act and figure of my heart in complete extern, 'tis not long after but i will wear my heart upon my sleeve for daws to peck at it' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 1 Iago , Truth and deception (lines 62-6) -duplicitous natures, division between Iago's motives and his outward self - connects with the truth and vulnerability which contrasts with Desdemona 'but i will wear my heart upon my sleeve' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 1 Iago, Truth and Deception (lines 62-6) -servants wore their master's insignia on their sleeves. Iago is putting on a show so that it outwardly looks like his service to Othello is openly performed out of love 'an old ram tupping your white ewe' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 1 Iago, Social conventions and Taboos (lines 89-90) -black and white dichotomy shown throughout the play; ideas about 'worth' in society and in love. -insinuates satanic imagery of the lexis 'ram', he's conforming to societal norms as devils used to be perceived as black. -it plays on Elizabethan notions that black men have an animal like, hyper sexuality. -foreshadows a cuckold (a man who's wife is unfaithful), portraying the eponymous hero's insecurities of Desdemona being unfaithful because of his race -his insecurities of his race lead to the downfall of his marriage and relationship with Desdemona 'the devil will make a grandsire of you' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 1 Iago, Social conventions and taboos (line 92) -Elizabethan racist stereotype with the devil being a black man. 'you'll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse, you'll have your nephews neigh to you, you'll have coursers for cousins, and jennets for germans' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 1 Iago, Social conventions and taboos (lines 111-3) -more racism this time with interracial marriage - an idea that mingling of races is an obscene inter species reltions -'Barbary horse' - Iago making references that Othello is animalistic, doesn't know how to love but only to have sex because of its hyper-sexuality -'you'll have coursers for cousins and jennets for germans' - here Iago extends the metaphor of the Barbary horse. the procreation between horse and women will produce offspring who will neigh like horses 'if such actions have passage free, bondslaves and pagans shall our statesmen be' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 2 Brabantio, Approval and disapproval (lines 98-9) -love and Elizabethan law, and subsequently Christianity/ plays Christian context - idea that interracial marriage is distinctly non-christian 'i love the gentle Desdemona' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 2 Othello, Romantic love, social conventions and taboos and marriage (lines 25) -Othello defends his love for Desdemona simply and clearly -this is the first sincere reference to love in the play, Othello's positive view of his relationship with Desdemona is in conflict with the way it is perceived by others which later foreshadows how it has become his inner conflict which highlights their broken marriage -'gentle' - is a pun which means both kind hearted and of noble birth - reveals that such a 'noble Moor' is no able to love 'gently' because he was not born in an aristocratic hierarchy because of hid racial backgrounds -new historicist critics have argues that Othello's tragedy comes about because he can never be anything expect an outsider -Othello is in an impossible position as a black man serving a white patriarchy, he is foolish to expect his adopted society to accept his marriage to a white woman causing his dislocation -this emphasises the depth of how dislocated he is when he views his own race negatively clarifying that his internal dissension with his race causing his marriage to dismantle, leading to the eponymous hero upholding societal expectations. 'she loved me for the dangers i had passed and i loved her that she did pity them' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Othello, Romantic love and hero worship (lines 166-7) -love as healing or as mutual sympathy in times of despair -here, Shakespeare demonstrates how the love between Othello and Desdemona was mutually shared. in fact, it was Desdemona who began loving Othello first and Othello's love for Desdemona was a product of this -an equilibrium of love is evident 'i am hitherto your daughter. but here's my husband' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Desdemona, Marriage (line 183) -Elizabethan patriarchy and transferal of ownership in marriage, and power structures - power of a father are equal to that of husbands. 'i had rather adopt a child than get it' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Brabantio, Love and loss, parental love (line 189) -betrayal, ideas about blood lines and blood relations, Elizabethan patriarchy and paternal ownership of daughters -Brabantio shows how distraught he is over Desdemona getting married without his knowledge. however he forgives her. 'if i be left behind a moth of peace, and he go to the war, the rites for which i love him are bereft me' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Desdemona, Love and sex, marital love (lines 251-3) -consummation of marriage, Elizabethan gender roles and female sexuality, marital sex -'if i be left behind, a moth of peace' - the use of the lexis 'moth' is particularly effective, indicating Desdemona will be blind and discontent should Othello leave, trying desperately to fly towards the light, the light being Othello -she longs to be with her husband for the rites of marriage, sexual intimacy, wants to be a faithful wife 'look to her, Moor, if thou hast eyes to see: she has betrayed her father, and may thee' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Brabantio, Truth and deception (lines 287-8) -suspicion and loyalty, male ownership of women -foreshadows the alleged deception of Desdemona being unfaithful to Othello 'it is silliness to live, when to live is torment: and then we have a prescription to die, when death is our physician' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Roderigo, Young love/maturing love (lines 304-5) -Roderigo as foolish, irrational young lover; echoing conceit used in love poetry -foreshadowing Roderigo's demise and a metaphor showing Iago is the physician, prescribing Rodergio's actions 'since i could distinguish betwixt a benefit and an injury, i never found a man that knew how to love himself' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Iago, Young love/maturing love (lines 307-8) -Iago as an experienced foil to Roderigo; value of self respect and antithesis of above self destruction in love and selfishness 'we have reason to cool our raging motions, our carnal strings, our unbitted lusts' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Iago, Love and sex (lines 321-3) -lust as an animal instinct separate from human intelligence, sex as a completely primitive thing -'carnal strings' - means physical urge - feelings of lust, like a thorn that stings 'i hate the Moor; and it is thought abroad that 'twixt my sheets he's done my office' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Iago, Jealousy and guilt (lines 368-70) -Iago suspects that Othello has slept with his wife and ponders if it is true or not. Iago seems to have trust issues, even though he is deceitful all the time. 'i know not if't be true yet i, for mere suspicion in that kind, will do as for surety' - ANS-Act 1 Scene 3 Iago, Jealousy and guilt (lines 370-2) -irony: Iago incenses Othello into violent and morbid jealousy when being violently jealous himself