BIO 150 Final Exam Complete Questions & Answers!

five overarching biological concepts - ANSWER 1. (Evolution): The biodiversity on the plant has grown and changed over time through both selective and random processes. 2. (information flow, exchange, and storage): Information and signals are used and exchanged within and among organisms to direct their functioning. DNA is the instruction code for all life; how it is used and exchanged within and among life forms contributes to biodiversity. 3. (Pathways and Transformations of Energy and Matter): All living things require energy and rely on chemical transformations of matter to survive; some pathways are nearly universal, others vary by type of organism. 4. (Systems) Living systems are interconnected in organized patterns, and they interact and influence each other on multiple levels, from cells within one organism to interactions between global communities. 5. (Structure and function): All living things are made of similar subunits, which are shaped and arranged by evolution to have different functions. five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms - ANSWER 1. energy (acquired and used to stay alive and reproduce) 2. cells (membrane-bound units that all living things are made up of) 3. information (encoded in genes, hereditary info and environmental info are used to reproduce, react, and stay alive) 4. replication (goal of everything an organism does) 5. evolution (populations evolve, individuals are product of evolution) theory of evolution by natural selection - ANSWER -evolution is a change in the characteristics of a population over time (species aren't independent or unchanging) -evolution occurs when heritable variation leads to differential success -natural selection acts on individuals but evolutionary changes occurs in populations -natural selection requires that traits are heritable and versions of traits help individuals survive better or reproduce more than other versions - levels of ecological study - ANSWER -organismal ecology (morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations that allow individuals to live in a particular area) -population ecology (how the number and distribution of individuals in population change over time) -community ecology (the nature of the interactions between species and consequences of those interactions) -ecosystem ecology (how nutrients and energy move among organisms and through the surrounding atmosphere and soil or water) -global ecology (quantify the effects of human impact on the biosphere)