BIO 150 Final Exam Questions & Answers!

What is the difference between a hydrogen ion and a proton? - ANSWER Hydrogen ions are identical to a proton The pH of a solution is defined as the negative log of the concentration of hydrogen ions. If you are 2 beakers, each containing 100 mL of solvent, which of the two beakers would have the lowest pH? - ANSWER Beaker 1 which contains 10^-3 moles of protons Chemical bonds can be broken by heat energy. Which bonds/interactions require the most energy to break? - ANSWER Covalent bonds Whats true for an atom that is not an ion? - ANSWER The number of electrons equals the number of protons A pair of atoms joined by a polar covalent bond: - ANSWER Has a slight postive charge on one atom and a slight negative charge on the other The ability of atoms to attract electrons is referred to as: - ANSWER electronegativity Why do raindrops remain more or less intact when going down a windowpane? - ANSWER hydrogen bonds between water molecules The covalent bond linking glucose and fructose can be cleaved during a ____ reaction - ANSWER hydrolysis In what molecules is nitrogen an important component? - ANSWER DNA, RNA, and proteins Which structure (1,2,3,4) is most directly determined by the gene(s) for alpha and beta tubulin? - ANSWER 1 (primary) What happens if you bring a solution containing sucrose and sucrase to nearly boiling temp.? - ANSWER The reaction may not occur because hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions will be broken and the enzyme will have lost its shape You discover that 20% of the organisms DNA contain guanine. What percentage of uracil would you predict to be present in the DNA molecule? - ANSWER 0% Genes are: - ANSWER Portions of DNA molecules that code for RNA In the experiments conducted by Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod, which hypothetical result would indicate that protein, not nucleic acid, was Griffiths transforming principle? - ANSWER Only the extracts from heat-killed cells treated with protease are unable to transform nonvirulent bacteria Most cells contain about 23,000 different proteins. How many different types of aminoacyl tRNA syntheses are present in a typical cell? - ANSWER 20, one for each amino acid and tRNA molecule