Chapter 28: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with correct answers 2024

Chapter 28: Acute Respiratory Distress SyndromeWhich of the following materials will be found in the interalveolar walls of a patient with ARDS? 1. Leukocytes 2. Cellular debris 3. Fibrin 4. Hyaline membrane - correct answer 2,3,4 A patient has a prolonged case of ARDS. What changes would be expected in the patients alveolar cells? Development of emphysema Multiplication of the type I cells Influx of macrophages Hyperplasia and swelling of the type II cells - correct answer Hyperplasia and swelling of the type II cells Which of the following pulmonary changes are associated with ARDS? 1. Abnormal surfactant 2. Interstital edema 3. Decreased shunt 4. Narrowing of the alveolar-capillary membrane - correct answer 1,2 What is the reason for the elevated risk for developing ARDS associated with massive blood transfusions? Blockages in the pulmonary blood vessels Receiving the wrong blood type Shock ( hypovolemia) Fat emboli - correct answer Blockages in the pulmonary blood vessels ARDS can result from the inhalation of all of: 1. FIO2 >0.60 for prolonged exposure 2. Nitrogen dioxide 3. Very dry air 4. Chlorine gas - correct answer 1,2,4 Which of the following are causes of ARDS? 1. Liver failure 2. Drug abuse 3. Septicemia 4. Goodpasture's syndrome - correct answer 2,3,4 Which of the following are recommended to treat alveolar consolidation and atelectasis associated with ARDS? 1. Aerosolized bronchodilator medications 2. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 3. Chest percussion and postural drainage 4. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) - correct answer 2,4 Which of the following are current ventilatory strategies in the treatment of ARDS? 1. Large tidal volumes