140 Must Know NCLEX Meds questions with answers 2024

140 Must Know NCLEX Meds Alteplase (t-PA) - correct answer *class*: thrombolytics *Indication*: MI, acute ischemic stroke, occluded central lines *Action*: converts plasminogen to plasmin which degrades the fibrin found *Nursing Considerations*: - contraindicated in active bleeding -monitor for anaphylaxis - use caution with uncontrolled hypertension Atorvastatin (Lipitor) - correct answer *class*: lipid-lowering agent *Indication*: management of high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia), primary prevention of cardiovascular disease *Action*: lowers total cholesterol as well as LDL while slightly increasing HDL. Inhibits HMG-CoA reductase which plays a role in the liver in cholesterol formation *Nursing Considerations* - contraindicated in active liver disease - may cause rhabdomyolysis - monitor serum cholesterol - monitor liver function tests, renal function Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - correct answer *class*: antipyretic, non-opioid analgesic *Indication*: pain, fever *Action*: inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins which play a role in transmission of pain signals and fever response *Nursing Considerations*: - do not exceed 4g of acetaminophen per day - overdose will lead to hepatotoxicity - **Acetadote**is the antidote for overdose - may increase risk for bleed with warfarin therapy Acyclovir (Zovirax) - correct answer *class*: antiviral, purine analogues *Indication*:genital herpes, herpes zoster, chicken pox *Action*: interferes with viral DNA synthesis *Nursing Considerations*: - may cause seizures, renal failure, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura syndrome, diarrhea, dizziness, nausea - monitor renal function - assess lesions - instruct patient to use proper protection during sexual intercourse Albuterol (Proventil) - correct answer *class*: bronchodilator ,adrenergic *Indication*:bronchodilator used to prevent airway obstruction in asthma and COPD *Action*: binds to Beta2 adrenergic receptors in the airway leading to relaxation of the smooth muscles in the airways *Nursing Considerations*: - may decrease the effectiveness of Beta Blockers -use caution with: heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma, seizure disorder - overuse of inhalers can lead to bronchospasm - monitor for chest pain and palpitations - can decrease digoxin levels Alendronate (Fosamax) - correct answer *class*: bone resorption inhibitor, biphosphnates *Indication*: osteoporosis (aging, menopause, corticosteroid induced) *Action*: inhibits osteoclast activity leading to inhibition of resorption of bone *Nursing Considerations*: - take first thing in the morning with full glass of water 30 min prior to eating - assess serum calcium and vitamin D