Electrolytes PCCN Exam Questions and Answers

Electrolytes PCCN Exam Questions and Answers Causes: renal failure over-replacement cell-damage/shift out of cells (acidosis, hemolysis, sepsis, chemo) spironolactone therapy S/S: bradycardia termors/twitching N/V peaked T waves, short ST seg, blocks - Correct Answer ️️ -Hyperkalemia Treatment for hyperkalemia - Correct Answer ️️ -kayexelate insulin/glucose/HCO2/Ca++ Dialysis Aerosol albuterol Causes: Poor PO intake Renal loss (diuretics, renal tubular necrosis),amphot. B GI loss; diarrhea, vomiting Shift into cells (excessive insulin admin in DKA, alkalosis) S/S: Tachycardia Hypotensions Flaccid muscles FLAT T waves long ST seg PVCs - Correct Answer ️️ -Hypokalemia Treatment for hypokalemia - Correct Answer ️️ -Oral replacement > IV S/S: anorexia, N/V Coma acute renal failure flaccid mucles SHORT ST seg/QT - Correct Answer ️️ -Hypercalcemia Treatment of hypercalcemia - Correct Answer ️️ -Fluids/Lasix PO or IV phosphate Causes: surgical hypoparathyroidism malabsorption acute pancreatitis renal failure vit D deficiency hypoalbuminemia too much banked blood S/S Laryngeal spasm seizures/muscle cramps hypotension hyperactive reflexes Trousseau's sign Chvostek's sign LONG QT FLAT ST seg - Correct Answer ️️ -Hypocalcemia Treatment of hypocalcemia - Correct Answer ️️ -PO>IV calcium gluconate Potassium and calcium are inversely proportional to - Correct Answer ️️ -serum pH Causes: renal disease adrenal insufficiency S/S: flushing/hypotension