AMLS Post Test 2021 3rd Edition exam with correct answers 2024

Which of the following may cause primary respiratory alkalosis? - correct answer Fever A quadriplegic male is experiencing difficulty breathing and restlessness. His skin is warm and his urine is dark, yellow and cloudy. Vital signs are BP 86/68, P-128, R-24, temp 101.2 F (38degrees C). Which type of shock should you suspect? - correct answer Septic A 20-year-old male college student complains of acute onset of fever, headache, vomiting, and malaise. He appears ill and has a petechial rash on his extremities. What should you suspect? - correct answer Meningitis A 20-year-old male complains of severe pain after a jellyfish sting. He has a red, swollen ankle and foot. What should you do? - correct answer Wash the area and administer an analgesic The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated during shock in order to cause which of the following? - correct answer Increase in preload, after load, and reabsorption of sodium An elderly COPD patient complains of difficulty in breathing upon exertion. She has a 1-week history of productive cough. She has pursed lip breathing. She is prescribed a bronchodilator as needed. Vital signs are BP 132/70, P-88, R-20 with Rhonchi. What should you suspect? - correct answer Epiglottitis An anxious 32-year-old female complains of chest pains with palpitations. She has a history of Grave's disease. She reports she was seen in the ED earlier that day and had a CT scan of her abdomen with IV contrast. She is diaphoretic and has a temperature of 101.5 F (38.6 C). Vital signs are BP-100/62, P-156, R-30, BGL 133mg/dL. What should you administer? - correct answer Normal Saline What statement is correct regarding responding to a suspected nerve agent exposure? - correct answer Patients should be treated in a well-ventilated area What reference is the MOST beneficial to obtain for a suspected stroke? - correct answer Last Known Well Which of the following statements is correct regarding radioactive materials? - correct answer Simple clothing can stop beta particles from entering the body What finding is unique to pericarditis? - correct answer Diffuse ST segment elevation A 21-year-old male complains of sharp chest pain and shortness of breath. The symptoms started when he lifted a heavy object. Vital signs are BP-152/96, P-108, R-24 and diminished on the left. What should you suspect? - correct answer Spontaneous Pneumothorax A 72-year-old female complains of a sudden onset of a burning sensation to the left side of her forehead and blurred vision. She wants to follow up with her primary care physician tomorrow. Vital signs are BP-150/70, P-80, R-16. What should you do? - correct answer Encourage her to be transported by ambulance to the hospital An anxious 61-year-old male complains of severe shortness of breath and localized chest pain with blood-tinged sputum. His dyspnea started when he stood up from watching television all day and increased in severity as he moved around. Vital signs are BP-104/60, P-98 and irregular, R-26 and labored. What should you suspect? - correct answer Pulmonary Embolism Anaphylaxis is most commonly associated with which physiological event? - correct answer Vasodilation A confused 67-year-old male has vomited multiple times prior to EMS arrival. He was involved in a car crash 48 hours prior. Bystanders state he became increasingly confused and lost coordination since the crash. Vitals signs are BP-150/88, P-72, R-18, BGL-92 mg/dL. What should you suspect? - correct answer Subdural Hematoma What condition causes paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea? - correct answer Left-sided heart failure What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)? - correct answer Normal Saline An 18-year-old male nearly drowned at a local lake after treading water for 25 minutes. He is shivering uncontrollably and complains of nausea and weakness. Vital signs are BP-122/62, R-28, P-136, and his temperature is 93.2 F (34 C). What should you suspect? - correct answer Mild hypothermia A 45-year-old male complains of shortness of breath. He has a history of alcohol abuse and presents with severe ascites. Vital signs are BP-142/78, P-104, R-24 with crackles. What should you suspect? - correct answer Liver Failure A 22-year old male has recently undergone a surgical procedure to repair an injury to thoracic vertebrae T1-T2. Assessment indicates the patient is alert and oriented, bradycardic, hypotensive, and has warm, dry skin. Which type of shock is most likely occurring? - correct answer Neurogenic It is 0600 hours and you are treating a 63-year-old female with slurred speech, facial droop, and altered mental status. At 0400 hours, her husband heard her go to the bathroom. At 2300 hours they went to bed and everything was "fine." How should you report the last time she was known normal? - correct answer 2300 hrs Continuous positive airway pressure would be most beneficial in treating which of the following patients? - correct answer A 22-year-old with severe asthma that is unresponsive to albuterol treatments A 27-year-old male is breathing fast and deep. He works at a preschool and believes that the children plan to harm him. Which of the following statements is the most helpful when treating this patient? - correct answer " I understand why you are concerned. Please tell me more about why you feel this way." A 15-year-old male complains of lower abdominal pain with nausea. He is in the fetal position and states, "it hurts to walk." What should you suspect? - correct answer Appendicitis A 26-year-old male has abdominal pain. He is able to pinpoint exactly where it hurts, experiences rebound tenderness on physical exam, and guards the affected area. Which type of pain should you suspect? - correct answer Somatic A 52-year-old male is suffering from acute chest pain after physical exercises. He is pale, cool, and clammy. Vital signs are BP-88/40, P-110, R-22, SpO2 96%. What should you do? - correct answer Acquire a 12-lead ECG An elderly patient has COPD. What clinical finding should concern you the most? - correct answer Respiratory rate of 36/min Metabolic acidosis is best described by which arterial blood gas results? - correct answer pH decreased, Pco2 decreased, H2CO3 low What type of shock is caused by cardiac tamponade? - correct answer Obstructive A 41-year-old female has returned from a missionary work in South Africa. She reports night sweats, chest discomfort, and a persistent cough for the past several weeks. What should you suspect? - correct answer Tuberculosis What respiratory changes are common in obese patients? - correct answer Decreased tidal volume A 30-year-old female complains of acute chest tightness, shortness of breath, and a non productive cough. She states that this happens frequently and usually resolves after using her "inhaler." What should you suspect? - correct answer Asthma A 44-year-old female complains of a sudden onset of sharp pain in her right flank that radiates to her groin area. Intermittently the pain becomes very severe. She also reports nausea. Vital signs are BP-152/94, P-104, R-16, SpO2-98%. What is the most likely cause? - correct answer Kidney Stones A 13-year-old male has been skateboarding in temperatures of 100F (37.7 C) and has been drinking caffeinated soft drinks. He complains of palpitations. The cardiac monitor displays a narrow-QRS tachycardia at a rate of 150 beats/minute. Vital signs are BP-108/62, R-24. What should you do? - correct answer Transport the patient by ambulance, monitor closely, and administer fluids en route An 82-year-old female complains of foul-smelling diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and a loss of appetite. She developed an infection following knee surgery 2 weeks ago. She is prescribed antibiotics. What should you suspect? - correct answer Clostridium difficile A 62-year-old female presents with severe nausea and blurred vision that began whole watching TV. She describes the headache as the worst headache she has ever had in her life. Vital signs are BP-194/110, P-98, R-20. What should you suspect? - correct answer Subarachnoid hemorrhage A 33-year-old female is threatening suicide because her partner left her. Which of the following would be an appropriate response? - correct answer What was your plan to kill yourself A 71-year-old female complains of shortness of breath. She has a productive cough that has increased in severity over the last week. She speaks in 1 to 2 word broken sentences with pursed lips. What should you suspect? - correct answer COPD What is an age-related change that increases the risk of respiratory compromise? - correct answer Decrease in lung compliance A 45-year-old female is supine on the floor. Her pupils are pinpoint, and she has vomitus in and around her mouth. Vital signs are P-48, R-8 with gurgling. What should you do? - correct answer Suction the airway A 68-year-old female who has a history of COPD may rely one which of the following breathing mechanics? - correct answer A decrease in the oxygen level in the blood as the stimulus to breathe Which of the following is a hallmark sign of tricyclic antidepressant toxicity? - correct answer Dysrhythmias An alert 22-year-old male complains of a "lump in his throat" and a hoarse voice after a failed suicide attempt. He unsuccessfully attempted to hang himself with a bed sheet. Vital signs are BP-150/80, P-120, R-16, SpO2-88%, ETCO2 40mmHg. What should you do? - correct answer Administer oxygen and transport to a trauma center A 45-year-old female reports a headache, vertigo, and leg cramps after exercising. Vital signs are BP-108/62, P-124, R-18, Temp 100.6 F (38.1 C), and SpO2-98%. What should you do? - correct answer Provide oral fluid replacement A 60-year-old female complains of indigestion and mild upper abdominal discomfort. What should you do? - correct answer Acquire a 12-lead ECG and transport to a cardiac center A 49-year-old make presents in a tripod position with audible stridor and marked respiratory distress. His skin is flushed, and he complains of dysphagia. What should you suspect? - correct answer Epiglottitis A patient complains of nausea and is passing black, tarry stools. What should you suspect? - correct answer Upper GI bleeding An alert 49-year-old male complains of a headache. He has tremors in his hands and has been in the detoxification unit for 38 hours. He has a history of alcoholism. Vital signs are BP-168/96, P-104, R-22. What is he most at risk for? - correct answer Seizure A 27-year old male is agitated and talks continuously. His pupils are dilated. He admits to being awake for 36 hours straight. Vital signs are BP-188/98, P-140, R-30. What type of overdose should you suspect? - correct answer Bath Salts