NAS2 Exam 2 Questions with Complete Solutions (1)

NAS2 Exam 2 Questions with Complete Solutions (1) Chemical reactions that break down biomolecules in organisms are called ? - Answer-Catabolic Reactions Hypotonic - Answer-solution that is less concentrated than the inside of the cell Hypertonic - Answer-solution that is more concentrated than the inside of the cell Isotonic - Answer-solution that has an equal concentration level to that of the inside of the cell A difference in the number of molecules or ions in two associated areas is an example of ... - Answer-Concentration gradient When ATP releases its energy, it forms... - Answer-ADP + Pi The inside of a cell contains 0.9% NaCl and the outside of the cell contains 0.9% NaCl. Which way will water diffuse? - Answer-Water will move equally in both directions. The reaction ATP - ADP + Pi + energy is what type of reaction? - Answer-Exergonic Which of the following conditions would most likely DECREASE the rate at which a molecule will DIFFUSE across a cell membrane - Answer-Decrease the number of channels for that particular molecule The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is called - Answer-Osmosis Facilitated diffusion - Answer-transport that requires a membrane protein yet no energy in the form of ATP Enzymes increase the rate of a given reaction by lowering what kind of energy? - Answer-Activation The random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, which requires no energy in the form of ATP - Answer-Diffusion Diffusion will continue until what is achieved? - Answer-Equilibrium Enzyme - Answer-a protein molecule that acts as a biological catalyst Cell theory - Answer-A cell in the basic structural and functional unit of a living organism Cell - Answer-the smallest unit of life that can survive and reproduce on its own The lipid bilayer is composed of .... - Answer-a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails The primary energy carrier molecule in the cell - Answer-ATP Golgi apparatus - Answer-The packaging center of the cell Organelles containing detoxifying enzymes - Answer-Peroxisomes Lipids destined for cell membranes are synthesized here - Answer-Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Which of the following best describes the cell membrane - Answer-A phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids Ribosomes - Answer-Packets of RNA and protien. primary cellular sites for the production of proteins Endoplasmic reticulum - Answer-These organelles are sometimes referred to as rough or smooth, depending on their appearance in electron micrographs The fact that the cell membrane allows some materials to pass while keeping others out is an example of - Answer-Selective permeability The is a theory about plasma membrane structure that describes a bilayer in constant motion and membrane proteins arranged in an asymmetrical manner - Answer-Fluid Mosaic Model Mitosis - Answer-a type of cell division in which the nucleus is divided cytokinesis - Answer-division of the cytoplasm meiosis - Answer-used to produce sex cells or gametes What is the purpose of cell division? - Answer-to produce new cells- either for the growth of an organ, maintenance or repair of cells. four phases of mitosis. - Answer-prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase Prior to cell division, what does the mother cell do to its DNA? - Answer-produces exact copies of its DNA for the soon-to-be daughter cells what happens in the PROPHASE - Answer-Nuclear envelope disintegrates. DNA condenses from chromatin form into chromosome form (chromatids). Spindle forms and attaches to centromere. what happens in the METAPHASE - Answer-Chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate (equator). what happens in the ANAPHASE - Answer-Spindle apparatus pulls sister chromatids apart. Spindle pulls chromosomes towards opposite poles of the cell. Cytokinesis begins as soon as chromosomes clear equator.