KUSON- Patho exam 1 Questions Answered Guaranteed A+.

Prokaryotic cell - correct answer -No distinct nucleus (single, -Lack histones (supercoiling of DNA in eukaryotic), organelles, smaller -Bacterias - Simpler that eukaryotic cell Eukaryotic cells - correct answer -Complex cellular organization -Larger -Membrane bound organelles Well defined nucleus with several chromosomes -Animals, plants, fungi, protozoa and algae Eukaryotic cell functions - correct answer - Movement -Conductivity - Metabolic absorption -Secretion -Excretion -Respiration -Reproduction - Communication Nucleus - correct answer - Nuclear envelope -Nuceolus- composed of RNA and genetic info. DNA- replication, transcription, and repair -Histones- make DNA useful -Functions: Cell division and Genetic Information Caveolae of Plasma Membrane - correct answer - Work as a storage site for the cell -Cave like indentation, work as storage on the membrane Plasma Membrane - correct answer - Controls the composition of the space they control -Caveolae - Phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol -Phospolipid bilayer- Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail -Carbohydrates -Proteins -Fluid Mosaic Model Plasma membrane Protein function - correct answer - Integral, peripheral, and transmembrane - Receptors - Transporters - Enzymes - Surface markers - CAMs -Catalyst Cellular receptors - correct answer - Relationship between ligands and plasma membrane receptors - Protein molecules that are found in the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and nucleus that can recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands Ligands - correct answer -Hormone, drugs, infectious agents, viruses, chemical messengers, neurotransmitters; that have a specific receptor for that molecule Cell Adhesion Molecules (CAMs) - correct answer - Allow direct cell adhesion - cells connect to form tissues, tissues contact to for organs... Extracellular matrix - correct answer - Allow the cells to be stuck together/float together, but not directly touching - Fiborous proteins create a gel substance -Diffusion of water, nutrients, wastes between blood and tissue cells Cell Junctions - correct answer 1) Desmosomes 2) Tight Junctions 3) Gap junctions Desmosomes - correct answer - Unit cells by bands that hook them together, like epithelial sheaths hooking cells together Tight Junctions - correct answer - Barrier to diffusion, things you don't want to leak out of the cell - Prevent leakage Gap Junctions - correct answer - Allow ions to pass directly between two distinct cells without going outside the cell, communicating tunnels Paricrine - correct answer - secreting cell is very close by neighborhood, but does not have to be touching (cancer cells) Autocrine - correct answer - Secreting cell targets itself, sends out a signal and communicates with itself, stimulates own survival/proliferation (Cancer-doesn't need help) Hormonal - correct answer - Secreting cell can be far away from target cell. Travels via blood to target -Endocrine- release in blood then travels to target Neuronalhormonal - correct answer - Nerve cell secretes hormonal substances into the blood -Neurotransmitters released from nerve cell to target cell