FCLE Court Cases Study Guide Test 2024.

FCLE Court Cases Study Guide Test 2024. Marbury v. Madison (1803) - CORRECT ANSWER Established judicial review. Judicial review= The power of the courts to review actions of the legislative and executive branches. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. The Necessary and Proper Clause gives Congress the implied power to establish banks. 2. States cannot tax said banks because the federal government is supreme. Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) - CORRECT ANSWER African Americans were not citizens of the United States and could not expect any protection from the federal government or the courts. The decision also declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) - CORRECT ANSWER Racial segregation did not violate the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. This case established the "separate but equal" doctrine. Schenck v. U.S. (1919) - CORRECT ANSWER Schenck's conviction under the Espionage Act for criticizing the draft did not violate his 1st Amendment right to freedom of speech. The was the first time the court articulated the "clear and present danger" test. Korematsu v. United States (1944) - CORRECT ANSWER The evacuation order for Americans of Japanese descent was valid. The Court found that the order did not show racial prejudice but rather was based on national security concerns. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) - CORRECT ANSWER Separate but equal educational facilities for racial minorities are inherently unequal, violating the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.