SOCI 1301 Exam 1 Questions With Correct Solutions!!

Sociology - The scientific study of social behavior and human groups Six social systems (institutions) - 1) family 2) religion 3) education 4) health care/media 5) government/politics 6) economy Science - Body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation Natural science - Study of physical features of nature (ex: astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, & physics) Social science - Study of social features of human society (ex: sociology, anthropology, economics, history, psychology, and political science) Theory - Set of statements that seeks to explain problems, actions, or behaviors. Effective ones are explanatory and predictive. Anomie - Loss of direction that is felt in society when social control of individual behavior has become ineffective Emile Durkheim - Functionalist theory. Produced first study of suicide. Karl Marx - Conflict theory. Wrote communist manifesto. Macrosociology - Concentrates on large scale or entire civilizations Microsociology - Stresses study of small groupsW.E.B Du Bois - An African American view Three theoretical perspectives (lenses) - • functionalist perspective • conflict perspective • interactionist perspective Sociological imagination - An awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society (C. Wright Mills) Early thinkers - •Auguste Comte •Harriet Martineau •Herbert Spencer Auguste Comte - Coined term sociology to apply to science of human behavior Social inequality - Condition in which members of society have differing amounts of wealth, prestige, or power Queer theory - Study of society from the perspective of a broad spectrum of sexual identities including, heterosexual, homosexual, and bisexual Feminist perspective - Sees inequity in gender as central to all behavior and organization Dysfunction - Element or process of a society that may actually disrupt the social system or reduce its stability Conflict perspective - Assumes that social behavior is best understood in terms of tension between groups over power or the allocation of resourcesInteractionist perspective - Generalize about everyday forms of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole Functionalist perspective - Emphasizes the way in which parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability Double consciousness - Division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities Applied sociology - Use of the discipline of sociology with intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations