EDF 6222 Exam 1 & 2 100% SOLUTIONS

EDF 6222 Exam 1 & 2 100% SOLUTIONS parsimony - ANSWER look for the simplest explanation possible what is science? - ANSWER an attempt to discover order, and to display lawful relations determinism - ANSWER The universe is a lawful and orderly place what does it mean to be scientifically skeptical? - ANSWER that assumptions should not be made until evidence is available How do you reduce observer bias? - ANSWER by ensuring interobserver agreement guidelines for gathering evidence - ANSWER - reducing observer bias - examining experimental control -replication - self-correction what is behaviorism - ANSWER philosophy of the science of human behavior what does structuralism rely on? - ANSWER introspection structuralism - ANSWER the science of human behavior permits introspection to explain the conscious mind methodological behaviorism - ANSWER A philosophical position that views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of science. and relied on logical positivism -does not consider private events -came from psychophysical parallelism psychophysical parallelism - ANSWER -mental events can cause only mental events -physical events can cause only physical events What did normand present? - ANSWER -importance of objective, empirical science -being skeptical does not equate being cynical: withhold judgement until sufficient evidence is presented, and examine available evidence before making a decision Characteristics of pseudoscience - ANSWER -can't be proven false -anecdotal evidence how is science self-correcting? - ANSWER through replication what is the credo of helping professionals? - ANSWER do no harm explanatory fictions - ANSWER socially approved ways for explaining behavior that violates parsimony Classical Behaviorism - ANSWER S-R behavioism that does not account for consequences or private events reflex - ANSWER behavior controlled by external agents who studied conditioned reflexes - AN