Pathophysiology questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025

PathophysiologyWhat is Cell Adaptation? - correct answer Prolonged exposure of cells to adverse or exaggerated normal stimuli which evokes various changes at the level of individual cells, tissue, or whole organs 6 ways cells change - correct answer Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia, Anaplasia Atrophy - correct answer Decrease in the size of a tissue, organ, or the entire body Hypertrophy - correct answer Increase in the size of tissues or organs due to enlargement of individual cells Hyperplasia - correct answer An adaptive increase in the number of cells that can cause enlargement of tissues or organs Metaplasia - correct answer An adaptive change of one cell type for another to suit the environment Dysplasia - correct answer Disordered growth of tissues resulting from chronic irritation or infection Anaplasia - correct answer Undifferentiated and uncontrolled growth of cells - The Hallmark of malignant transformation Tissue is said to be __________ in the absence of a blood supply - correct answer ischemic Give an example of physiological hypertrophy - correct answer Enlargement of skeletal muscles in body builders due to weight lifting Give an example of pathological hypertrophy - correct answer The hypertrophy of the heart that occurs as an adaptation to increased workload. Concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricular muscle is typically seen in hypertension in response to ventricular pressure Hypertrophy vs. hyperplasia - correct answer Hypotrophy-individual cells enlarge Hyperplasia- adaptive increase in the number of cells that causes tissue enlargement