Imaging VTNE Exam

Imaging VTNE Exam All hard copies of radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scans, ultrasound images, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies are: the hospital's property and part of the patient's record For a radiograph to be considered admissible as evidence in a court of law, at least the _____ must be permanently imprinted onto it prior to developing. Patient name or identification number, owner name, hospital name, and date of the examination The term radiographic technique generally refers to: The machine's exposure settings (e.g., kVP, mAs) during a given examination X-rays cannot penetrate: Lead Concerning the filaments in the x-ray tube that produce electrons, which statement is most accurate? The small filament may melt more rapidly than the large filament if an excess load is placed on it. Why are rotating-anode x-ray machines more powerful than stationary-cathode x-ray machines? - The former allow greater dissipation of heat. - The former allow the use of a smaller focal spot with higher tube currents. - The former allow the use of shorter exposure times. (all answers are correct) The primary source of radiation exposure to the technician during radiography is scattered radiation, which can best be defined as: Lower-energy x-ray photons that have undergone a change in direction after interacting with structures in the patient's body The acronym kVP stands for _____ and controls the _____ of x-ray photons produced. Kilovolt peak; speed You have just taken a thoracic radiograph at 50 kVP and 100 mA at 1/10 second. The pet's breathing caused his chest to move during the exposure, resulting in a blurry image. On the retake, how can you correct for this motion to create a clear image of the same density? Reduce the time to 1/20 second and increase the mA to 200. You have radiographed a fractured femur in a large dog. The resulting image is too gray; that is, you can see many shades of gray and a lot of detail in the muscle layers, but the bone is also too gray, and bony fragments are difficult to see. How can you best correct your settings to create a clearer image of the fractured bone? Decrease the kVP. Which statement is most accurate concerning the effects of a change in focus-film distance (FFD) when taking radiographs? The mAs setting must be changed according to a standard mathematical formula. How does one obtain the correct machine settings when taking a radiograph? Settings are obtained from a "technique chart" created, by trial and error, specifically for the machine one is using. Concerning the use of film holders (cassettes) in veterinary radiography, which statement is most accurate? A "nonscreen" cassette is made of nonrigid cardboard or plastic and The most commonly used cassettes in companion-animal practice are rigid and contain an image-intensifying screen. Care of image-intensifying screens involves: Cleaning them with a special solution or 70% isopropyl alcohol at least once monthly or whenever screen artifacts are seen on a radiograph The purpose of a grid is to: Allow only the primary x-ray beam to pass through and prevent scattered radiation from reaching the film and Increase the resolution of thicker body parts. Most mistakes made in veterinary radiography are related to: Improper processing techniques Which statement concerning hand processing versus automatic-film processing of radiographs is most accurate? Both techniques require the use of fresh solutions and a well-ventilated darkroom. X-ray film recycling and special units attached to fixer tanks allow the recovery of _____, a valuable and reusable substance. Silver After exposing and developing an x-ray, you find the film totally white. What is the most likely cause of this problem? The film is unexposed. In a practice using automatic x-ray processing equipment, the veterinary technician is expected to Keep the processor clean and add fresh developer and fixer solutions as needed. What is necessary to prevent "fogging," or partial exposure, of x-ray film in the darkroom? - Absolutely no light leakage into the room - A lock on the door to prevent entrance during film processing - A safelight of correct wattage and filter type for the film used (all answers listed) Your small-animal technique chart says "use Potter-Bucky grid" for abdominal measurements of greater than 10 cm. What does this mean? Place the cassette on top of the table for measurements of less than or equal to 10 cm and in the tray underneath the table for those greater than 10 cm. Which diagnostic imaging method is best suited to the production of a continuous, moving image? Fluoroscopy A film badge that measures the amount of radiation to which veterinary personnel are exposed is best worn: Outside the lead apron on the collar at the level of the thyroid gland Which type of contrast media can be used for any type of contrast examination including oral, urogenital, intravenous, intraarterial, intrathecal, and in the respiratory tract? Insoluble, nonionic, radiopaque media such as iohexol The risk of life-threatening reactions necessitates the placement of intravenous catheters and constant patient monitoring when using radiographic contrast agents: Intravascularly or intrathecally Roentgens, rads, and rems are: Terms used to measure radiation exposure A technique in which a radiographic contrast agent is administered orally and a series of abdominal films taken immediately and at 15-, 30-, and 60-minute intervals until the contrast reaches the beginning of the large intestine is known as a: Upper gastrointestinal study Radiographic evaluation of the kidneys using contrast media intravenously is known as An intravenous pyelogram or IVP Which contrast agent should never be injected into the urinary bladder? Barium sulfate Myelography is used to evaluate the: Spinal cord Survey films are: Radiographs taken without the use of contrast media Concerning positioning animals for radiography, which statement is true? The primary beam should always be centered on the lesion itself if the lesion's location is known. Which statement comparing x-rays to ultrasound waves is most accurate? X-rays are dangerous to the unprotected user and ultrasound waves are harmless.