PHARMACOLOGY HESI RN 2023-2024
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
NEW GENERATION EXAM.
A patient who is taking an oral dose of tetracycline reports gastrointestinal
upset. Which snack should the nurse instruct the patient to take with the
tetracycline?
• Fruit-flavored yogurt
• Toasted wheat bread and jelly
• Cold cereal with skim milk
• Cheese and crackers
B.
The nurse is assessing the eyes of a patient who just received mydriatic eye
drops. Which physiological function of the eye will not respond during the
therapeutic period after administration of eye drops?
• Refraction
• Eye convergence
• Pupillary constriction
• Accommodation
C.
A older male patient is being discharged after a myocardial infacrtion (MI) and
receives a new prescription for atenolol. Which instruction is most important
for the nurse to include in her patients teaching plan?
• Avoid intake of alcoholic beverages.
• Avoid driving or operating machinery.
• Take a missed dose as soon as possible.
• Standing slowly when getting up from bed
D.
,The healthcare provider prescribes vancomycin 500 mg IV every 12 hours for a
patient with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Review of the
patient's laboratory values shows that serum peak and trough levels are within
the desired therapeutic range and the serum creatinine level is 4.5 mg/dL.
Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Withhold the next scheduled dose and contact the healthcare provider. b.
Monitor the laboratory values until all prescribed doses have been given.
c. Administer the next dose and flag the results for the healthcare provider.
d. Insert a second IV catheter for the administration of emergency IV fluids.
A.
After taking orlistat for one week, a female patient tells the home health nurse
that she is experiencing increasingly frequent oily stools and flatus. Which
action should the nurse take?
a. Instruct the patient to increase her intake of saturated fats over the next
week.
b. Obtain a stool specimen to evaluate for occult blood and fat content.
c. Ask the patient to describe her dietary intake history for the last several days.
d. Advise the patient to stop taking the drug and contact her healthcare provider.
C.
• A patient receiving a heparin sodium infusion develops hemoptysis. The
nurse reviews the patient's
laboratory values to include hemoglobin 8 g/dL and platelet count of 50,000/mm3.
Vital signs are: oxygen saturation 92% on 50% venturi mask, heart rate 130
beats/minute, respiration 32 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 76/50mmHg.
Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
• Obtain consent for a blood transfusion.
• Stop the heparin sodium infusion.
• Titrate Venturi mask oxygen to 60%.
• Administer protamine sulfate.
B.
,The nurse is teaching a patient with coronary artery disease about a newly
prescribed medication, atorvastatin. The patient plans to take the medication in
the morning with breakfast. Which food choices are best for the nurse to
recommend that the patient should include with the meal? (select all that apply)
• Whole milk.
• Low fat yogurt.
• Oatmeal.
• Sliced grapefruit.
• Whole banana.
C, E
A patient received succinylcholine, a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking
agent during surgery. Which assessment finding is most important for the
nurse to report to the surgeon? a. Observable skin flushing.
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Neck and shoulder pain
• Blood pressure 114/72 mm/Hg
B.
A patient, who has a myocardial infarction last year, has a daily prescription
for aspirin 325 mg by mouth. Which assessment finding should alert the
nurse to withhold the medication?
• Low prothrombin time.
• High white blood cell count.
• Oral temperature of 97.9 F.
• Low platelet count.
D.
A nurse administered a second dose of an opioid containing codeine and
acetaminophen to a patient fifteen minutes after a first dose was administered by
another nurse, because the first dose was not documented in the medication
record. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
• Assess the patient's pain on a 10 point scale.
• Obtain a serum liver enzyme panel.
, • Complete a medication error form.
• Evaluate the patient's vital signs.
D.
Azithromycin is prescribed to a patient with Chlamydia trachomatis. In providing
patient teaching about the medication, the nurse should emphasize the
importance of reporting the onset of which symptom to the healthcare provider?
• Yellow sclera.
• Headache.
• Urinary frequency.
• Flatulence and nausea.
D.
Before administering a newly prescribed dose of terbinafine HCL to a patient
with a fungal toenail infection, which assessment finding is most important for
the nurse to address? a. White blood cell count of 8,500/mm3
• Employed as a construction worker.
• Toenails appear thick and yellow.
• Reported history of alcoholism.
D.
The nurse administers naloxone to a patient with opioid-induced respiratory
depression. One hour later, nursing assessment reveals that the patient has a
respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation of 75%, and is unable
to be aroused. Which action should the nurse implement?
• Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• Prepare to assist with chest tube insertion.
• Administer a second dose of naloxone.
• Determine Glasgow coma scale.
•
An older adult patient with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at
bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb, which patient
assessment should the nurse complete?
• Determine sleep patterns.
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
NEW GENERATION EXAM.
A patient who is taking an oral dose of tetracycline reports gastrointestinal
upset. Which snack should the nurse instruct the patient to take with the
tetracycline?
• Fruit-flavored yogurt
• Toasted wheat bread and jelly
• Cold cereal with skim milk
• Cheese and crackers
B.
The nurse is assessing the eyes of a patient who just received mydriatic eye
drops. Which physiological function of the eye will not respond during the
therapeutic period after administration of eye drops?
• Refraction
• Eye convergence
• Pupillary constriction
• Accommodation
C.
A older male patient is being discharged after a myocardial infacrtion (MI) and
receives a new prescription for atenolol. Which instruction is most important
for the nurse to include in her patients teaching plan?
• Avoid intake of alcoholic beverages.
• Avoid driving or operating machinery.
• Take a missed dose as soon as possible.
• Standing slowly when getting up from bed
D.
,The healthcare provider prescribes vancomycin 500 mg IV every 12 hours for a
patient with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Review of the
patient's laboratory values shows that serum peak and trough levels are within
the desired therapeutic range and the serum creatinine level is 4.5 mg/dL.
Which action should the nurse implement?
a. Withhold the next scheduled dose and contact the healthcare provider. b.
Monitor the laboratory values until all prescribed doses have been given.
c. Administer the next dose and flag the results for the healthcare provider.
d. Insert a second IV catheter for the administration of emergency IV fluids.
A.
After taking orlistat for one week, a female patient tells the home health nurse
that she is experiencing increasingly frequent oily stools and flatus. Which
action should the nurse take?
a. Instruct the patient to increase her intake of saturated fats over the next
week.
b. Obtain a stool specimen to evaluate for occult blood and fat content.
c. Ask the patient to describe her dietary intake history for the last several days.
d. Advise the patient to stop taking the drug and contact her healthcare provider.
C.
• A patient receiving a heparin sodium infusion develops hemoptysis. The
nurse reviews the patient's
laboratory values to include hemoglobin 8 g/dL and platelet count of 50,000/mm3.
Vital signs are: oxygen saturation 92% on 50% venturi mask, heart rate 130
beats/minute, respiration 32 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 76/50mmHg.
Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
• Obtain consent for a blood transfusion.
• Stop the heparin sodium infusion.
• Titrate Venturi mask oxygen to 60%.
• Administer protamine sulfate.
B.
,The nurse is teaching a patient with coronary artery disease about a newly
prescribed medication, atorvastatin. The patient plans to take the medication in
the morning with breakfast. Which food choices are best for the nurse to
recommend that the patient should include with the meal? (select all that apply)
• Whole milk.
• Low fat yogurt.
• Oatmeal.
• Sliced grapefruit.
• Whole banana.
C, E
A patient received succinylcholine, a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking
agent during surgery. Which assessment finding is most important for the
nurse to report to the surgeon? a. Observable skin flushing.
• Ventricular tachycardia
• Neck and shoulder pain
• Blood pressure 114/72 mm/Hg
B.
A patient, who has a myocardial infarction last year, has a daily prescription
for aspirin 325 mg by mouth. Which assessment finding should alert the
nurse to withhold the medication?
• Low prothrombin time.
• High white blood cell count.
• Oral temperature of 97.9 F.
• Low platelet count.
D.
A nurse administered a second dose of an opioid containing codeine and
acetaminophen to a patient fifteen minutes after a first dose was administered by
another nurse, because the first dose was not documented in the medication
record. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
• Assess the patient's pain on a 10 point scale.
• Obtain a serum liver enzyme panel.
, • Complete a medication error form.
• Evaluate the patient's vital signs.
D.
Azithromycin is prescribed to a patient with Chlamydia trachomatis. In providing
patient teaching about the medication, the nurse should emphasize the
importance of reporting the onset of which symptom to the healthcare provider?
• Yellow sclera.
• Headache.
• Urinary frequency.
• Flatulence and nausea.
D.
Before administering a newly prescribed dose of terbinafine HCL to a patient
with a fungal toenail infection, which assessment finding is most important for
the nurse to address? a. White blood cell count of 8,500/mm3
• Employed as a construction worker.
• Toenails appear thick and yellow.
• Reported history of alcoholism.
D.
The nurse administers naloxone to a patient with opioid-induced respiratory
depression. One hour later, nursing assessment reveals that the patient has a
respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation of 75%, and is unable
to be aroused. Which action should the nurse implement?
• Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• Prepare to assist with chest tube insertion.
• Administer a second dose of naloxone.
• Determine Glasgow coma scale.
•
An older adult patient with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at
bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb, which patient
assessment should the nurse complete?
• Determine sleep patterns.
