NBME CBSE SUMMARY PAPER REVISION FOR THE FINAL EXAM

Type II pneumocytes - ***surfactant (*lecithin*) Proliferate after injury Type I progenitors *Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome* Type II pneumocytes - ***surfactant (*lecithin*) Proliferate after injury Type I progenitors *Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome* Polio live v killed vaccine - ***Killed = Salk = IgG Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA - can be shed in feces Polio live v killed vaccine - ***Killed = Salk = IgG Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA - can be shed in feces Neonatal Respiratory Distress: Etiology + Tx - ***Maternal DM (*high insulin*) or C-section (*low cortisol*) TX: *dexamethasone* before birth Neonatal Respiratory Distress: Etiology + Tx - ***Maternal DM (*high insulin*) or C-section (*low cortisol*) TX: *dexamethasone* before birth Lung maturity determined with - ***Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes) L >> S Lung maturity determined with - ***Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes) L >> S Type I pneumocytes - ***Squamous gas diffusion Type I pneumocytes - ***Squamous gas diffusion Elastase in lungs - ***macrophage: *lysosomes* PMN: *azuronphilic granules* Elastase in lungs - ***macrophage: *lysosomes* PMN: *azuronphilic granules* Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ***Lysine interchain crosslinks Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ***Lysine interchain crosslinks air pressure and intrapleural pressure at FRC - ***Air pressure = 0 Intrapleural pressure = -5 air pressure and intrapleural pressure at FRC - ***Air pressure = 0 Intrapleural pressure = -5 Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ***Exhale of Tidal Volume Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ***Exhale of Tidal Volume Lung Compliance is decreased by - ***LHF, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis Lung Compliance is decreased by - ***LHF, pulmonary edema, pulmonary fibrosis Lung Compliance is increased by - ***emphysema, age Lung Compliance is increased by - ***emphysema, age Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ***DECREASE ERV & FRC Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ***DECREASE ERV & FRC Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ***pulmonary = systemic Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ***pulmonary = systemic Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ***Bronchial circulation causes *decreased PO2 in LA/LV* than in pulmonary capillaries Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ***Bronchial circulation causes *decreased PO2 in LA/LV* than in pulmonary capillaries More ventilation is at the - ***BASE More ventilation is at the - ***BASE O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ***basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis) O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ***basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis) O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ***