Nursing Leadership & Management: Exam Review Questions with Complete Solutions

Nursing Leadership & Management: Exam Review Questions with Complete Solutions Examples of Restraining Forces - Answer--Conformity -Organizational culture that rewards complacency -Security/threat -To prestige -Economic threat -Fear of failure Lewin's Change Theory Stages - Answer-Implementation -Unfreezing: Weakening the bounds that support present system; either strengthening the driving forces or weakening the restraining forces. Can be something as simple as creating dissatisfaction, such as a union does. This is easier when there already is turmoil. -Movement: When the change takes place. Evaluation -Re-freezing: Making change permanent fixture; can be hastened by support and rewards. Conflict - Answer--Recognized as the existence of real or perceived differences within an individual or between two or more individuals , or groups, is a clash between hostile or opposing parties. -To fight, battle, contend, to be antagonistic, incompatible, or contradictory or in opposition, clash, to battle. -The process itself is neutral. Causes of Conflict in Nursing - Answer--Differing values, interests, goals, needs, or approaches. -Can be interpersonal, interpersonal, intergroup, latent or overt; vertical or horizontal. -Role conflict: often when two or more people have the same or related responsibilities with ambiguous boundaries. -Rivalry: two people wanting the same thing. -Communication conflict: Failing to communicate with another. -Goal conflict: when achievement is thwarted and one person puts their interest over another. -Personality conflict: Cynicism, short fuses, arrogance. -Ethical or values of conflict: Often is over goal versus process. Conflict Resolution Win-Win; Win-Lose; Lose-Lose - Answer--Avoidance/Withdrawing (Lose-Lose): Withdrawing from situation; appropriate at times. -Compromise/ Negotiating (Lose-Lose): Minimum losses and gains; appropriate at times.