HDFS Exam 3 Questions with Correct Answers

Body Growth in Middle Childhood - ANSWER--slow, regular pace -girls shorter and lighter until about age 9, when trend reverses -lower portion of body grows fastest -bones lengthen, broaden -muscles very flexible -all permanent teeth appear Height Worldwide - ANSWER--shortest children: South America, Asia, Pacific Islands, Africa -tallest children: North and Central Europe, Australia, Canada, United States Trends in Physical Growth - ANSWER-from one generation to next, trend in industrialized countries toward larger & heavier children -Appears early in life -Increases over childhood; early adolescence -Declines as mature body size reached mostly due to improved health & nutrition gains in height have stabilized, but weight continues to increase Brain Development in Middle Childhood - ANSWER-weight of the brain increases by 10%, with considerable growth in white and gray matter -synaptic connections and myelination combine with synaptic pruning, resulting in greater lateralization of cerebral hemispheres -children acquire complex abilities -neurotransmitters and hormones may affect cognition and behavior. Common Health Problems in Middle Childhood - ANSWER-Vision - Myopia: nearsightedness, most common vision problem Hearing - Otitis media (middle ear infection) common, but if repeated may cause hearing loss Malnutrition Obesity Bedwetting: nocturnal enuresis 1/10 children. Biological, can use medication or urine alarm