SOP 3004: Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Correct

Hindsight Bias - ANSWER-The tendency to overestimate, after learning an outcome, one's ability to have foreseen the outcome Social Desirability Bias - ANSWER-A tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself. Theory - ANSWER-Organize, explain, and predict observable events Hypothesis - ANSWER-a prediction of what we think will happen based on theory Random sample - ANSWER-A sample in which each member of the population has an equal chance of being in the sample Operational definition - ANSWER-Describe a concept in terms of observable and measureable qualities Observational/field research - ANSWER-Research done in natural, real-life settings outside the laboratory Correlational research - ANSWER-The study of the naturally occurring relationships among variables Experimental research - ANSWER-Studies that seek clues to cause-effect relationships by manipulating one or more factors (independent variables) while controlling others (holding them constant) Independent variable - ANSWER-The experimental factor that a researcher manipulates Dependent Variable - ANSWER-The variable being measured, so called because it may depend on manipulations of the independent variable Random assignment - ANSWER-The process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that all persons have the same chance of being in a given condition Confound - ANSWER-Extraneous variable that is not part of the study that may influence the dependent variable in a systematic way