NUR 2459 Final Exam With 100% Correct Questions and Answers 2024/2025

Some obese individuals take amphetamines to suppress appetite and help them lose weight. Which of the following is an adverse effect associated with the use of amphetamines that makes this practice undesirable? a. Bradycardia b. Amenorrhea c. Tolerance d. Convulsions - ANS c. Tolerance The Maudsley approach to the treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa advances which of the following fundamental concepts? a. The patient's family should be actively involved in each phase of treatment. b. Parents should be prohibited from involvement in helping their child eat since there are often control issues. c. Adolescents need to work on developing healthy self-identities before they can begin to gain weight. d. Individual psychotherapy is the most effective treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa. - ANS a. The patient's family should be actively involved in each phase of treatment. A client has sought help for his concern that he is binge eating and feels like it has "gotten out of control." He asks the nurse what can be done to help him. Which of the following is the most accurate response? a. "Nothing can be done." b. "Some medications and psychological treatments have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing binge eating behaviors." c. "The primary problem is obesity. I can help you set up a calorie-restricted diet." d. "Medications can help with weight loss, but there are no medications effective for reducing binge eating." - ANS b. "Some medications and psychological treatments have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing binge eating behaviors." Which of the following physical manifestations would you expect to assess in a client suffering from anorexia nervosa? a. Tachycardia, hypertension, hyperthermia b. Bradycardia, hypertension, hyperthermia c. Bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia d. Tachycardia, hypotension, hypothermia - ANS c. Bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia Which medication has been used with some success in clients with anorexia nervosa? a. Lorcaserin (Belviq) b. Diazepam (Valium) c. Fluoxetine (Prozac) d. Carbamazepine (Tegretol) - ANS c. Fluoxetine (Prozac) A client is hospitalized on the psychiatric unit with a history and current diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. Which of the following symptoms would be congruent with this client's diagnosis? a. Binging, purging, obesity, hyperkalemia b. Binging, purging, normal weight, hypokalemia c. Binging, laxative abuse, amenorrhea, severe weight loss d. Binging, purging, severe weight loss, hyperkalemia - ANS b. Binging, purging, normal weight, hypokalemia A 14-year-old client has just been admitted to the psychiatric unit for anorexia nervosa. She is emaciated and refuses to eat. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? a. Complicated grieving b. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements. c. Interrupted family processes d. Anxiety (severe) - ANS b. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements. The nurse is caring for a client who has been hospitalized with anorexia nervosa and is severely malnourished. The client continues to refuse to eat. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. "You know that if you don't eat, you will die." b. "If you continue to refuse to take food orally, you will be fed through a nasogastric tube." c. "You might as well leave if you are not going to follow your therapy regimen." d. "You don't have to eat if you don't want to. It is your choice." - ANS b. "If you continue to refuse to take food orally, you will be fed through a nasogastric tube." A hospitalized client with bulimia nervosa has stopped vomiting in the hospital and tells the nurse she is afraid she is going to gain weight. Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. "Don't worry. The dietitian will ensure you don't get too many calories in your diet." b. "Don't worry about your weight. We are going to work on other problems while you are in the hospital." c. "I understand that you are concerned about your weight, and we will talk about the importance of good nutrition, but for now I want you to tell me about your recent invitation to join the National Honor Society. That's quite an accomplishment." d. "You are not fat, and the staff will ensure that you do not gain weight while you are in the hospital, because we know that is important to you." - ANS c. "I understand that you are concerned about your weight, and we will talk about the importance of good nutrition, but for now I want you to tell me about your recent invitation to join the National Honor Society. That's quite an accomplishment." A client presents in the emergency department with complaints of suicidal ideation. The following information is collected by the nurse. Which of these assessment findings suggests that bulimia nervosa might be a health problem? (Select all that apply.) a. Parotid glands appear enlarged. b. Teeth have a "moth-eaten" pattern of tooth decay. c. Client reports that she takes laxatives daily. d. Client's weight is within the expected range. - ANS a. Parotid glands appear enlarged. b. Teeth have a "moth-eaten" pattern of tooth decay. c. Client reports that she takes laxatives daily. d. Client's weight is within the expected range. A client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder manipulates the staff in an effort to fulfill her own desires. All of the following may be examples of manipulative behaviors in the borderline patient except: a. Refusal to stay in a room alone, stating, "It's so lonely." b. Asking the nurse for cigarettes after 30 minutes, knowing the assigned nurse has explained she must wait 1 hour. c. Stating to the nurse, "I really like having you for my nurse. You're the best one around here." d. Cutting arms with razor blade after discussing dismissal plans with physician. - ANS a. Refusal to stay in a room alone, stating, "It's so lonely." A client on the psychiatric unit has a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following characteristics is consistent with this diagnosis? a. Lack of guilt for wrongdoing b. Insight into his own behavior c. Ability to learn from past experiences d. Compliance with authority - ANS a. Lack of guilt for wrongdoing A nurse on the psychiatric unit documents that the client was attempting to use "splitting" behaviors with staff. This should be interpreted to mean that the client is: a. Trying to keep staff away from other patients. b. Characterizing staff members as either all good or all bad. c. Having brief psychotic episodes. d. Manifesting two or more distinct subpersonalities when communicating with staff. - ANS b. Characterizing staff members as either all good or all bad. According to researchers, which of the following is a common theme in the health history of the client with BPD? a. Autism b. Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder c. Positive and fulfilling interpersonal relationships d. Early childhood trauma - ANS d. Early childhood trauma Which of the following behavioral patterns is characteristic of individuals with narcissistic personality disorder? a. Overly self-centered and exploitative of others b. Suspicious and mistrustful of others c. Rule conscious and disapproving of change d. Anxious and socially isolated - ANS a. Overly self-centered and exploitative of others Which of the following behavioral patterns is characteristic of individuals with schizotypal personality disorder? a. Belittling themselves and their abilities b. A lifelong pattern of social withdrawal c. Suspicious and mistrustful of others d. Overreacting inappropriately to minor stimuli - ANS b. A lifelong pattern of social withdrawal A client with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder exhibits alternating clinging and distancing behaviors with the nurse who has been assigned to her care. The most appropriate nursing intervention for this type of behavior would be to: a. Encourage the client to establish trust in one staff person, with whom all therapeutic interaction should take place. b. Secure a verbal contract from the client that she will discontinue these behaviors. c. Withdraw attention if these behaviors continue. d. Rotate staff members who work with the client so that she will learn to relate to more than one person. - ANS d. Rotate staff members who work with the client so that she will learn to relate to more than one person. A patient diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder approaches the nurse and says, "You're so cute, are you married?" Which of these is the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. "I'm married, but that's none of your business." b. "Let's talk about your love life instead." c. "Thank you so much for the compliment but I'm married." d. "Our relationship is strictly professional. It is not appropriate for us to have that kind of discussion." - ANS d. "Our relationship is strictly professional. It is not appropriate for us to have that kind of discussion." A client with BPD reports to the nurse that she is having abdominal pain and is requesting pain medication. Which action by the nurse is a priority? a. Explore alternative pain management strategies. b. Confront the client about her manipulation to try to get drugs. c. Assess her pain in more detail. d. Set limits on her attempts to cling to the nurse. - ANS c. Assess her pain in more detail. A male client with antisocial personality disorder was found in a female patient's room on her bed. When instructed to leave the room, the client states, "I'm sick of you telling me what I can or can't do. If I want to carry on a relationship with a female patient, it's my right. I'll do exactly as I please!" Which of these actions by the nurse is a priority at this point? a. Reassure the client that he will have plenty of opportunities with women after he is discharged. b. Reinforce the rules of the treatment program that all clients are expected to follow. c. Escort the client to seclusion. d. Establish a trusting relationship by telling the client that you will make an exception just this once. - ANS b. Reinforce the rules of the treatment program that all clients are expected to follow. Which of the following groups is most commonly used for drug management of the child with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder? a. CNS depressants (e.g., diazepam [Valium]) b. CNS stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate [Ritalin]) c. Anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin [Dilantin]) d. Major tranquilizers (e.g., haloperidol [Haldol]) - ANS b. CNS stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate [Ritalin]) The nursing history and assessment of an adolescent with conduct disorder might reveal all of the following behaviors except: a. Manipulation of others for fulfillment of own desires. b. Chronic violation of rules. c. Feelings of guilt associated with the exploitation of others. d. Inability to form close peer relationships. - ANS c. Feelings of guilt associated with the exploitation of others. Certain family dynamics often predispose adolescents to the development of conduct disorder. Which of the following patterns is thought to be a contributing factor? a. Parents who are overprotective b. Parents who have high expectations for their children c. Parents who consistently set limits on their children's behavior d. Parents who are alcohol dependent - ANS d. Parents who are alcohol dependent Which of the following is least likely to predispose a child to Tourette's disorder? a. Absence of parental bonding b. Family history of the disorder c. Abnormalities of brain neurotransmitters d. Structural abnormalities of the brain - ANS a. Absence of parental bonding Which of the following medications is used to treat Tourette's disorder? a. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) b. Haloperidol (Haldol) c. Imipramine (Tofranil) d. Phenytoin (Dilantin) - ANS b. Haloperidol (Haldol) The child with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder has a nursing diagnosis of impaired social interaction. Which of the following nursing interventions are appropriate for this child? (Select all that apply.) a. Socially isolate the child when interactions with others are inappropriate. b. Set limits with consequences on inappropriate behaviors. c. Provide rewards for appropriate behaviors. d. Provide group situations for the child. - ANS b. Set limits with consequences on inappropriate behaviors. To help the child with mild to moderate intellectual developmental disorder develop satisfying relationships with others, which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate? a. Interpret the child's behavior for others. b. Set limits on behavior that is socially inappropriate. c. Allow the child to behave spontaneously because he or she has no concept of right or wrong. d. This child is not capable of forming social relationships. - ANS b. Set limits on behavior that is socially inappropriate. The child with autism spectrum disorder has difficulty with trust. With this in mind, which of the following nursing actions would be most appropriate? a. Encourage all staff to hold the child as often as possible, conveying trust through touch. b. Assign a different staff member each day so the child will learn that everyone can be trusted. c. Assign the same staff person as often as possible to promote feelings of security and trust. d. Avoid eye contact because it is extremely uncomfortable for the child and may even discourage trust. - ANS c. Assign the same staff person as often as possible to promote feelings of security and trust. Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be considered the priority in planning care for the child with severe autism spectrum disorder? a. Risk for self-mutilation evidenced by banging head against wall b. Impaired social interaction evidenced by unresponsiveness to people c. Impaired verbal communication evidenced by absence of verbal expression d. Disturbed personal identity evidenced by inability to differentiate self from others - ANS a. Risk for self-mutilation evidenced by banging head against wall A child with ADHD is admitted to a residential treatment program. Which of the following group activities would be most appropriate for the nurse to recommend? a. Monopoly b. Volleyball c. Pool d. Checkers - ANS b. Volleyball Ms. T. has been diagnosed with agoraphobia. Which behavior would be most characteristic of this disorder? a. Ms. T. experiences panic anxiety when she encounters snakes. b. Ms. T. refuses to fly in an airplane. c. Ms. T. will not eat in a public place. d. Ms. T. stays in her home for fear of being in a place from which she cannot escape. - ANS d. Ms. T. stays in her home for fear of being in a place from which she cannot escape. Which of the following is the most appropriate therapy for a client with agoraphobia? a. 10 mg Valium qid b. Group therapy with other people with agoraphobia c. Facing the fear in gradual step progression d. Hypnosis - ANS c. Facing the fear in gradual step progression With implosion therapy, a client with phobic anxiety would be: a. Taught relaxation exercises. b. Subjected to graded intensities of the fear. c. Instructed to stop the therapeutic session as soon as anxiety is experienced. d. Presented with intense exposure to a variety of stimuli associated with the phobic object or situation. - ANS d. Presented with intense exposure to a variety of stimuli associated with the phobic object or situation. A client with OCD spends many hours each day washing her hands. The most likely reason she washes her hands so much is that it: a. Relieves her anxiety. b. Reduces the probability of infection. c. Gives her a feeling of control over her life. d. Increases her self-concept. - ANS a. Relieves her anxiety. A client is receiving treatment at the mental health clinic with habit-reversal therapy. Which of the following elements would be included in this therapy? (Select all that apply.) a. Awareness training b. Competing response training c. Social support d. Hypnotherapy e. Aversive therapy - ANS a. Awareness training b. Competing response training c. Social support The initial care plan for a client with OCD who washes her hands obsessively would include which of the following nursing interventions? a. Keep the client's bathroom locked so she cannot wash her hands all the time. b. Structure the client's schedule so that she has plenty of time for washing her hands. c. Place the client in isolation until she promises to stop washing her hands so much. d. Explain the client's behavior to her, because she is probably unaware that it is maladaptive. - ANS b. Structure the client's schedule so that she has plenty of time for washing her hands. A client with OCD says to the nurse, "I've been here 4 days now, and I'm feeling better. I feel comfortable on this unit, and I'm not ill-at-ease with the staff or other patients anymore." In light of this change, which nursing intervention is most appropriate? a. Give attention to the ritualistic behaviors each time they occur, and point out their inappropriateness. b. Ignore the ritualistic behaviors, and they will be eliminated for lack of reinforcement. c. Set limits on the amount of time the client may engage in the ritualistic behavior. d. Continue to allow the client all the time she wants to carry out the ritualistic behavior. - ANS c. Set limits on the amount of time the client may engage in the ritualistic behavior. A new client at the mental health clinic is diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder. Which of the following nursing interventions is a priority? a. Support the client's efforts to seek corrective surgery. b. Recommend the client see a physician for treatment with antipsychotic medication. c. Encourage the client to describe reasons for seeking treatment. d. Reinforce to the client that their body is perfectly normal. - ANS c. Encourage the client to describe reasons for seeking treatment. A client who is experiencing a panic attack has just arrived at the emergency department. Which is the priority nursing intervention for this client? a. Stay with the client and reassure of safety. b. Administer a dose of diazepam. c. Leave the client alone in a quiet room so that she can calm down. d. Encourage the client to talk about what triggered the attack. - ANS a. Stay with the client and reassure of safety. A client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder has been prescribed buspirone 15 mg daily. He says to the nurse, "Why do I have to take this every day? My friend's doctor ordered Xanax for him, and he only takes it when he is feeling anxious." Which of the following would be an appropriate response by the nurse? a. "Xanax is not effective for generalized anxiety disorder." b. "Buspirone must be taken daily in order to be effective." c. "I will ask the doctor if he will change your dose of buspirone to prn so that you don't have to take it every day." d. "Your friend really should be taking the Xanax every day." - ANS b. "Buspirone must be taken daily in order to be effective." A client, who is a veteran of the war in Iraq, is diagnosed with PTSD. He says to the nurse, "I can't figure out why God took my buddy instead of me." From this statement, the nurse assesses which of the following in the client? a. Repressed anger b. Survivor's guilt c. Intrusive thoughts d. Spiritual distress - ANS b. Survivor's guilt Which of the following treatment regimens would most appropriately be ordered for a client with PTSD? a. Paroxetine and group therapy b. Diazepam and implosion therapy c. Alprazolam and behavior therapy d. Carbamazepine and cognitive behavior therapy - ANS a. Paroxetine and group therapy Which of the following may be influential in the predisposition to PTSD? a. Unsatisfactory parent-child relationship b. Excess of the neurotransmitter serotonin c. Distorted, negative cognitions d. Severity of the stressor and availability of support systems - ANS d. Severity of the stressor and availability of support systems Which of the following is true regarding the diagnosis of adjustment disorder? a. The client will require long-term psychotherapy to achieve relief. b. The client likely inherited a genetic tendency for the disorder. c. Symptoms will likely remit once the client has accepted the changes that precipitated the difficulties with adjustment. d. Adjustment disorders are not typically related to an identified stressor. - ANS c. Symptoms will likely remit once the client has accepted the changes that precipitated the difficulties with adjustment. The physician orders sertraline (Zoloft) for a client who is hospitalized with adjustment disorder with depressed mood. This medication is intended to: a. Increase energy and elevate mood. b. Increase suicidal ideation. c. Prevent psychotic symptoms. d. Help the client adjust to change. - ANS a. Increase energy and elevate mood. Trauma-informed care is a philosophical approach that includes which of the following principles? (Select all that apply.) a. Nurses need to be aware of the potential for trauma in any client and provide care that minimizes the risk of revictimization or retraumatization. b. Medications need to be given before any other interventions are considered. c. Trauma-informed care highlights the importance of providing care that protects the physical, psychological, and emotional safety of the client. d. Trauma-informed care is based on the principle that traumas are not correlated with depression or increased risk for suicide. - ANS a. Nurses need to be aware of the potential for trauma in any client and provide care that minimizes the risk of revictimization or retraumatization. c. Trauma-informed care highlights the importance of providing care that protects the physical, psychological, and emotional safety of the client. A client experiences a nightmare during his first night in the hospital. He explains to the nurse that he was dreaming about gunfire all around and people being killed. The nurse's most appropriate initial intervention is to: a. Administer alprazolam as ordered prn for anxiety. b. Call the physician and report the incident. c. Stay with the client and reassure him of his safety. d. Have the client listen to a tape of relaxation exercises. - ANS c. Stay with the client and reassure him of his safety. A client who recently left her husband of 10 years is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of adjustment disorder with depressed mood. She acknowledges that she was very dependent on him and is having difficulty adjusting to an independent lifestyle. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? a. Risk-prone health behavior related to loss of dependency b. Complicated grieving related to breakup of marriage c. Ineffective communication related to problems with dependency d. Social isolation related to depressed mood - ANS b. Complicated grieving related to breakup