ABCP Basic Sciences Exam study guide perfusion Exam Questions With Correct Answers

the major cation found in extracellular fluid - Answer Na+ the eprimary structural unit of proteins - Answer L-amino acids which clotting factor is activated by contact with foreign surfaces, roughened vascular walls, and platelet aggregates? - Answer XII ffect of plasmin is to: A) limit clotting by splitting fibrin B) initiate the intrinsic pathway C) cleave thrombin D) initiate the extrensic pathway - Answer A) limit clotting by splitting fibrin normal arterio0venous O2 difference is approximately ____ in mmHg? - Answer 40 mmHg at a given p02, increasing CO2 results in: A) more 02 bound to hemoglobin B) less 02 bound to hemoglobin C) no effect - Answer less 02 bound to the hemoglobin a sample of blood cooled from 37 degrees C will undergo what changes? A) CO2 becomes more soluble and PaCO2 decreases B) CO2 becomes less soluble and pH decreases C) CO2 solubility increases and base excess levels decrease - Answer A) CO2 becomes more soluble and PaCO2 decreases in 85 - 95% of patients the circumflex artery supplies what portion of the heart with blood? - Answer the lateral and posterior surface of the LV the LAD arises from the? - Answer Left main coronary artery the diagonal coronary arteries supply? - Answer antero-lateral wall of LV in 55% of patients, which coronary artery supplies blood to the SA node - Answer right a characteristic of leukocytes is that they are: A) smaller than RBC B) larger than platlets C) uniform in shape - Answer b) larger than platelets the main function of an enzyme? - Answer increase the rate of a biochemical reaction the conformation change of platelets that occurs when exposed to foreign surface is? - Answer globular with pseudopodia classical pathway of complement system is activated by - Answer antibody- antigen reactions which is not normal route for blood returning to the heart? A) thebesian veins B) pulmonary veins C) bronchial veins - Answer C) bronchial the effect of calcium channel blocking is - Answer a marked decrease in transmembrane calcium current celan (verapamil) is indicated for which of the following? A) hypertentions refractory to high doses of beta-adrenergic blocking agents B) sinus sick syndrome C) a-fib with rapid ventricular response D) cardiogenic shock with coronary spasm - Answer C) a-fib with rapid ventricular response persantine (dipyridamole) interferes with the function of what? - Answer platelets the cardiovascular effects of Inocor (amrinone) include - Answer decreased pulmonary artery pressure which anesthetic agent has the shortest duration of action - Answer propofol (diprivan) drug of choice to protect the brain to global ischemia when administered prior to an ischemic episode (circ arrest) - Answer pentothal (thiopental) digitalis preparation is commonly used to - Answer increase myocardial contractility and control atrial arrhythmia 1/4 inch tubing = ? cc per foot? how many rotations to create 100cc? - Answer 9.6 cc, 8x around 3/8 inch tubing = ? cc per foot how many rotations to create 100 cc? - Answer 21.6 cc, 4x around 1/2 inch tubing = ? cc per foot, how many rotations to create 100 cc? - Answer 45.9 cc, 2x around if K+ is too high, name 8 options to bring it down - Answer 1) increase your sweep 2) give insulin 3) zbuff 4) bicarb 5) lasix 6) mannitol 8) dialysis 9) Ca++ (this protects the myocardium from the K, it does not reduce serum K) rule of 9's for blood distribution - Answer head, arms (2x, 18), chest, abdomen, upper back, lower back, front of legs, back of legs estimate blood volumes: 0-10 10-25 25-45 - Answer 85 80 70 estimate blood volumes: >45 normal > 45 thin - Answer 65 70 normal PT - Answer 10-12 seconds normal PTT - Answer 24-37 sec normal INR - Answer 0.9-1.2 AV arterial blood flow % to brain, kidneys, heart, and liver - Answer brain 15%, kidneys 20%, heart 5%, liver 25% (sometimes 30% depending on what your read :)