ABFM FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%Correct.

ABFM FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%Correct. cause of death following bariatric surgery - ANSWER-PE .#1 cause of diarrhea all ages - ANSWER-norovirus .#1 cause of diarrhea in kids - ANSWER-Rotavirus .#1 cause of unintentional death peds - ANSWER-MVA (suffocation 0-1, drowning 1-5) .#1 cause trauma related deaths (ALL AGES) - ANSWER-#1 firearms #2 MVA (reverserd for age 1-19) .+ hawkins and neers - ANSWER-shoulder impingment Tx PT (CSI helps, but must also do PT) .1 month development - ANSWER-looks at face (eye) responds to voice (hearing) moves extremities equally (neuro) lifts head (motor) .1 year development - ANSWER-walk with help wave bang blocks .2 month development - ANSWER-vocalize , responds to sound (hearing) follow TO midline (neuro) smile (eye, motor) .2 year development - ANSWER-speak 2 word phrases (50 total words) 2 part commands 6 body parts stack 4 blocks .2ndary hyperPTH Tx - ANSWER-vit D low phos diet phos binder .3 year development - ANSWER-draw vertical line tricycle why? .4 month development - ANSWER-laughs (eye, hearing) hold head at 90 (motor) no persistent fist clenching, follow PAST midline (neuro) .4 statin benefit groups - ANSWER-1. known CAD 2. LDL > 190 mg/dL 3. diabetes 4. ASCVD risk > 7.5 .4 year development - ANSWER-draw circle 4 colors balance on each foot .4mm kidney stone treatment plan? - ANSWER-pain control (nsaids) strain urine KUB in 1-2 w urology if not passed in 2-4w .5th dz - ANSWER-slaped cheeks parvo can cause fetal demise if mom preggo .6 month development - ANSWER-turns toward voice (eye, hearing) bears weight on legs, rolls over (motor) transfer hand to hand (neuro) .9 month-1 year development - ANSWER-sits without support (motor) babble (ear) pincer grasp (neuro) peek a boo (vision) .9m + wheeze + fever - ANSWER-bronchiolitis .18m development - ANSWER-walk backward 1 body part 3-6 words stack 2 blocks .AAA size and when to refer to surgery - ANSWER->3cm or >50% refer >5cm .AAA v AD - ANSWER-AAA = single lumen, atherosclerosis AD = tear in intima, false lumen in media, HTN .AAP but not USPSTF recommends - ANSWER-IDA at 12m lipid 10 and 20y .ABI normal - ANSWER-0.9-1.4 .ACCORD eye study - ANSWER-40% reduction in the rate of progression of diabetic retinopathy w/statin therapy plus fenofibrate versus statin alone (esp in very mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy at baseline) .ACD v IDA - ANSWER-serum Fe low in both TIBC low in ACD, high in IDA Fe/TIBC >15% = normal = ACD .ACEi moa - ANSWER-Inhibit angiotensin I-II conversion dilate efferent arteriole .achalasia - ANSWER-absence of peristalsis of the lower esophagus .achalasia tx - ANSWER--CCB -nitrates -balloon dilation .Acoustic Neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma) - ANSWER-Benign, slow-growing tumor of nerve sheath of acoustic nerve. Causes hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo is minor .ACS spectrum - ANSWER-unstable angina, NSTEMI, STEMI .Active TBI Tx - ANSWER-RIPE daily x2m then daily INH + RIF x4m .Actos increased risk for - ANSWER-pancreatic, bladder, prostate cancers hepatic dysfunction osteoporosis .Acute back pain - ANSWER-Can continue current work without restrictions .acute COPD exacerbation Tx - ANSWER--SABA -Pred 40mg x5d -Abx PRN (dyspnea, sputum volume and purulence) .acute goat flare tx duration - ANSWER-6m colchicine 1st line allopurinol if recurrent .acute scfe risk - ANSWER-avascular necrosis 30%, needs ortho stat .AD Tx - ANSWER-lower SBP 100, HR 60 IV esmolol .AD Type A v B - ANSWER-A = ascending aorta (anterior chest pain) B = descending aorta (back pain) .Addison’s diagnosis - ANSWER-chem for electrolytes ACTH stimulation test .Addison’s disease - ANSWER-not enough cortisol or aldosterone LOw SOdium, high K .ADHA treatment classes - ANSWER-Methylphenidate and Amphetamine .ADHD type in adults - ANSWER-primarily inattentive .Adhesive capsulitis - ANSWER-Tx CSI associated with DM, Parkinson’s .AKI criteria - ANSWER-1 or more: ↑ in SCr by ≧ 0.3 w/in 48hr ↑ of SCr by x1.5 baseline w/in 7d UOP <0.5mg/kg/hr x 6hrs .Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - ANSWER-Type I HSN Asthma and eosinophilia with recurrent exacerbations .Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency - ANSWER-lung and liver Bronchiectasis, early onset emphysema .Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors - ANSWER-Acarbose Miglitol delayed carb absorption in the gut bad GI effects causes hypoglycemia if combined with any other drugs .Although tinnitus is idiopathic,what is the most common identified cause - ANSWER-sensorineural hearing loss .amebiasis or giardiasis tx - ANSWER-metronidazole .analgesia for osteoporotic fractures - ANSWER-calcitonin salmon 6m max duration give with Ca and vit D .angiokeratomas on shaft or suprapubic, consider what disease - ANSWER-Fabry .animal carcass wound bug - ANSWER-anthrax Tx doxy, cipro, PCN .ankylosing spondylitis gene - ANSWER-HLA B27 .Anticholinergic OD - ANSWER-Dry mouth/skin, blurred vision, fever, flushing, tachycardia, psychosis, urinary retention, decreased GI motility Mydraisis “Anti” drugs .AOM Tx - ANSWER-amox 80-90mg/kg/d (q12) Augmentin IF Abx within 30d OR leaky eyes (c/f H flu) .AOM Tx duration - ANSWER-10d .AOM Tx if allergy - ANSWER-anaphylaxis or urticaria > azithro OTHERwise cephalosporin .APAP overdose - ANSWER-within 60m give activated charcoal draw level @ 4h p ingestion NAC Tx based on level .area most likely to dilate and perf in closed LBO - ANSWER-cecum .ASA (or PY2-inhibitors) and surgery - ANSWER-stop 5-7d before OR .ASA/TCAOD Tx - ANSWER-NaHCO3 .Ascending cholangitis - ANSWER-occluded CBD charcot’s triad: fever, ab pain, jaundice reynolds pentad: above + confusion + shock .Asperger’s Syndrome - ANSWER-later onset awkward intelligent .Asthma <4y - ANSWER-SABA PRN viral URI add ICS x7d .asthma severity by symptoms frequency - ANSWER-intermittent <2x/w mild >2x/w moderate daily severe continual .Asthma spirometry findings - ANSWER-FEV1 <80% predicted reversibility with SABA >12% AND 200ml of FEV1 .Asthma Tx >4y - ANSWER-ICS/LABA daily and PRN .augmenting depression: meds - ANSWER-bupropion buspirone T3 atypical antipsychotics .Autism Spectrum Disorder - ANSWER-A disorder characterized by deficits in social relatedness and communication skills that are often accompanied by repetitive, ritualistic behavior. .autistic disorder - ANSWER-boys:girls 4:1 +intellectual disability .avoid phentermine in - ANSWER-HTN .avoid thiazolidinediones in pts with - ANSWER-HF .B-Blocker/CCB OD Tx - ANSWER-glucagon .barking cough, stridor, fever - ANSWER-croup .bb and surgery - ANSWER-do not start within 1 week of surgery good to continue if already on for 4+w .bb for heart failure - ANSWER-metoprolol succinate, carvedilol, bisoprolol (cardio-selective) .bb for varices - ANSWER-non-selective (propranaolo, nadolol) .before VQ scan obtain - ANSWER-CXR if abnormal VQ will be abnormal .bells palsy tx - ANSWER-Antiviral AND Steroids .bells palsy tx - ANSWER-Antiviral medications Steroids .benign nocturnal limb pain - ANSWER-pain within hours of falling asleep 4-6yo .best antihypertensives for gout - ANSWER-CCB and losartan .best SSRI pregnancy - ANSWER-sertraline citalopram, escitalopram .bipolar I v II - ANSWER-I full manic (at least 1 w) II hypomania (4+ days) .bite site prone to infection - ANSWER-hands/feet NOT FACE IT HAS GREAT VASCULATURE .bite wound Abx - ANSWER-(pasturella in animals) (strep viridans in humans) Augmentin .blue toe syndrome - ANSWER-atheromatous embolism: intact pulses, painful cyanotic toe watch and resect dead tissue .Borellia burgdorferi - ANSWER-Lyme bug from stomach of deer tick SPIROCHETE after treatment can have Jarisch-Herxheimer rection like syphillis .Bouchard’s nodes - ANSWER-Osteoarthritis (PIP) .bp drugs reducing K - ANSWER-thiazide, loop spiro increases K .bph med - ANSWER-DO FIRST: alpha 1 antagonist - target dynamic component can add if enlarged volume with persistent symptoms: 5-alpha reductase inhibitors - reduce size (takes longer) no data for saw palmetto .breast mass imaging c