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Samenvatting Schema antipsychotica

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Schema alle besproken antipsychotica.

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KLASSIEKE ANTIPSYCHOTICA ATYPISCHE ANTIPSYCHOTICA LITHIUM
Absorptie Onvoorspelbaar: variërende plasmaconcentrate Onvoorspelbaar: variërende Volledig geresorbeerd na orale toediening.
plasmaconcentrate
Eliminatie Excrete in de nier (zoals Na+)
PK T1/2 tussen 15-30u T1/2 tussen 15-30u Toegediend als Li+-zouten
Indicaties - Schizofrenie en bipolaire stoornissen Als stemmingsstabilisator bij bipolaire
- acute psychotsche stoornissen met positeve symptomen (excitatetoestanden) stoornissen.
- Braken door opioïden, chemotherapie, bestraling, gastro-intestnale aandoeningen.
- neuroleptanalgesie
- chorea van huntngton
Interacties - versterkte werking van sedatva, alcohol, anthistaminica en analgetca - met antpsychotca
- met GM die convulsiedrempel verlagen, kunnen convulsies optreden - diuretca: verhogen plasmaspiegels Li+
- met antcholinergica (ook: NSAIDs, AB, verapamil, α-methyldopa,
- metabolisme via CYP2D6 ACE-I, glucocortcoïden, theophylline, AT-II
inhibitoren)
Bijwerkingen EERDER EXTRAPYRAMIDALE STOORNISSEN EERDER METABOLE BIJWERKINGEN Wordt niet efciënt naar buiten gepompt,
Acute bewegingsstoornissen (dyskinesieën) - gewichtstoename (+complicates) accumuleert dus in de cellen (toxiciteit!!),
- Parkinsonisme (hypokinesie, rigiditeit, tremor) - metabool syndroom kan ontstaan daarom TDM toepassen.
- Acathisie
- Acute dystonieën (gelaat, nek) Hyperprolactnemie (geen Dosisafhankelijk (verdwijnen bij verlagen van
- maligne neuroleptsch syndroom (dantroleen als habituate) de dosis)
behandeling) - gynaecomaste, galactorree, - polyurie en polydipsie (door verminderde
- Rabbit-syndroom (peri-orale tremor) fertliteitsstoornissen… gevoeligheid nier voor ADH) (amiloride
=> Behandelen met antcholinergica α-adrenerge receptoren: sedate, behandeling)
Tardieve dyskinesieën (irreversibel, kan blijven orthostatsche hypotensie, - nefrotoxiciteit
bestaan bij lagere dosis of stoppen met GM) refextachycardie, QTc-verlenging - reversibele hypothyroïdie (schildklier minder
H1-receptoren: sedate, ant- gevoelig voor TSH) (L-thyroxine behandeling)
Hyperprolactnemie (geen habituate) emetsch - tremor van de handen (propranolol
- gynaecomaste, galactorree, Muscarine-receptoren: behandeling)
fertliteitsstoornissen… antcholinerge eeecten - concentrate- en geheugenstroornissen
α-adrenerge receptoren: sedate, orthostatsche Beenmergsuppressie en zeldzaam - GI klachten
hypotensie, refextachycardie, QTc-verlenging agranulocytose - gewichtstoename (door eeect op KH-
H1-receptoren: sedate, ant-emetsch stofwisseling)
Muscarine-receptoren: antcholinerge eeecten - verhoogde talgproducte (acne en psoriasis)
Beenmergsuppressie en zeldzaam agranulocytose

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