Praxis pedagogy (Questions + Answers) Verified 100% Correct!!

Vygotsky - Social learning theory Zone of proximal development Maslow - Theory of hierarchy of needs Summative assessment - Given at end of instructional unit to evaluate students understanding of a specific learning objective Aptitude assessment - Measures students collective knowledge and learning potential Diagnostic assessment - used before a lesson or unit to provide the teacher with information about the student's prior knowledge, strengths, or weaknesses Behavior assessment - used when creating IEP to identify reasons for a specific student behavior or to address provlem behavior Thematic instruction - a way for students to understand new concepts, providing mental organizing schemes for students to approach new ideas. The more teachers make connecting patterns clear and easily understandable for students, the easier the brain will integrate new information Differentiated instruction - Presenting different avenues to assist students in acquiring the content being taught based on the student's ability level or learning style. Includes both high and low levels of thinking Scaffolding - Strategy to help students understand how new information is organized and how different aspects relate to each other. Involves aids for connecting and organizing information. Specialized strategies geared to support learning when students are first introduced to a new subject. Gives students a context, motivation, or foundation from which to understand the new information.Gifted differentiation - Modifying curriculum to meet students different learning rates, styles, interests, and abilities. Class work should include enriched activities or be presented in an accelerated way. Provide greater breadth and depth, use resources not normally available to them. Not just increased volume or more difficult work. Formative assessment - provide feedback during the instructional process to allow the teacher to adjust instruction to address student needs Norm-referenced assessment - Compares student performance to another population, such as peers who have taken the same test Criterion referenced assessment - How well a student understands specific content on a test Portfolio assessment - a collection of student work accumulated over a period of instruction, such as in a unit or course. Exhibits students efforts, progress, and achievement in one or more areas Informal assessment - Occurs in a more casual manner and may include observation, inventories, checklists, rating scales, rubrics, performance and portfolio assessments, participation, peer and self evaluation, and discussion