COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING EXAM WITH CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%

.A public service announcement is an example of - ANSWERS-nursing intervention .Absolute Risk - ANSWERS-person's chance they will develop a disease over a period of time .Adjusted rate - ANSWERS-takes into account specific subset and important variables .Analytic Epidemiology - ANSWERS-Looks at complex relationships Agent, host, environment Web of causation (looks at multiple factors) .Analytic vs. Descriptive Epidemiology - ANSWERS-The study of the amount and distribution of disease constitutes descriptive epidemiology. Patterns identified through descriptive epidemiology may indicate possible causes. When these possible causes are investigated with different and more advanced epidemiologic methods, this is analytic epidemiology. .Community health focuses on which type of issues - ANSWERS-sociocultural issues example: food bank at local church (serves health and social needs at the community level and is privately funded) .Critical social theory uses - ANSWERS-societal awareness to expose social inequalities that keep people from reaching their full potential .Cross- section design - ANSWERS-prevalence or correlation snap shot in time .Crude Rates PMR - ANSWERS-Proportionate mortality rate is calculated using the number of deaths resulting from a specific cause in a specific time period as the numerator and the total number of deaths in the same time period as the denominator. In crude death rates, the numerator is the number of deaths, and the denominator is the average population size or the population size at midyear multiplied by a constant .Crude Rates - ANSWERS-#deaths over population do not account for important factors .Descriptive Epidemiology - ANSWERS-amount and distribution of disease person, place, time approach .Determinants of health - ANSWERS-biology behavior social environment physical environment (what is experienced by the senses) policies and interventions .Epidemiology - ANSWERS-the research that shows the determinant and distribution of disease in populations .First visiting nurse - ANSWERS-Francis Root .Four important aspects of community - ANSWERS-people place interactions commonalities .Goals of Healthy People 2020 - ANSWERS-Focus on achieving health among community 20% smoking 50% premature death .Health Promotion - ANSWERS-activities directed towards improving the well0being and reaching the best health potential. Health education, groups, community outreaches .Health Protection - ANSWERS-intent .Hill's Criteria for Causality - ANSWERS-Temporality Strength of association Dose-response relationship Biological Plausibility consistency alternate explanation experimental coherence/analogy .Incidence rates - ANSWERS-number of newly reported cases that occur during a specified period of time; most sensitive indicator of changing health in a community .Indicators of Health - ANSWERS-The official registration records of births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and adoptions form the basis of data in vital statistics. When compared with previous years, vital statistics provide indicators of population growth or reduction. Census tracts facilitate the organization of resident information in specific community geographic locales. National Health Survey Data describes health trends in a national sample. .Interventions to Conduct Community Assessment - ANSWERS-Focus groups are effective for remote and vulnerable segments of a community and for those with underdeveloped opinions. These sessions can produce greater interaction and expression of ideas than surveys and may provide more insight into an aggregate's opinions. The community health nurse may gather some data by interviewing key informants in the community. Informants may be knowledgeable residents, elected officials, or health care providers. A community forum may be held to discuss selected questions. A telephone survey may be useful for selected questions. .Measure of morbidity - ANSWERS-looks at trends .Measures of mortality - ANSWERS-looks at severity .Milio's framework for prevention (1976) provides a complement to the HBM - ANSWERS-and a mechanism for directing attention upstream and examining opportunities for nursing intervention at the population level .Needs Assessment - ANSWERS-A needs assessment is completed by the community health nurse to gain understanding of the community's perspective on health status, the services used or required, and concerns. .Nursing Theory improves community nursing by - ANSWERS-guiding data collection help interpret data easier to diagnose problems .Odds Ratio - ANSWERS-the odds of having the disease when suspected factor is present as oppose to not present looking at those with disease and without disease similar to risk restrospective- looking back .Odds ration is very similar to risk raito if - ANSWERS-the disease is rare .Orem's self-care deficit theory is based on - ANSWERS-individual self-care needs and explains the level of nursing interventions required to assist clients to obtain optimal health .PH is prevention and promotion of population health at the - ANSWERS-federal and state level .PMR - ANSWERS-proportionate mortality ratio .Political and economic interventions are the most effective way to address - ANSWERS-public determinants of health .Population vs. Aggregate - ANSWERS-Population- group of people with common personal or environmental characteristics ALL elders in a community Aggregate- subgroup of people within a population PREGNANT teenagers within a school district .Prevalence Rate - ANSWERS-the total number of cases (new and old) that exist in specified time period .Primary Secondary Tertiary Prevention - ANSWERS-Primary prevention occurs when intervention activities take place before disease development. Immunization is an example of primary prevention that provides specific protection. Secondary prevention occurs after pathogenesis, namely screening and physical examinations that are aimed at early diagnosis. Tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation and limitation of disability. Pathogenic does not describe a type of prevention. .Prospective - ANSWERS-monitor group of disease free individuals to determine if when disease occurs overtime cohort longitudinal .Public Health 3 components - ANSWERS-assessment (needs) assurance (resources) policy (intervention) .Rate - ANSWERS-#specified events during particular time period/ population in same area in particular time period .Relative Risk - ANSWERS-the ration of the risk of the disease in the expose person to the risk of the disease in the non exposed .Relative risk is - ANSWERS-over time, prospective .Restrospective - ANSWERS-compare individuals with condition to those who do not events already happened .Risk