UARK Animal Physiology Exam 1 Questions with Complete Solutions

Physiology - ANSWER-is the study of the integrated function of the body and the function of all of its parts. Homeostasis - ANSWER-Attempts to maintain a state of relative stability Hypertrophy - ANSWER-An increase in cell size Hyperplasia - ANSWER-Increase in cell number Atrophy - ANSWER-Decrease in cell size Hypoplasia - ANSWER-Incomplete or defective development Aplasia - ANSWER-Failure of a tissue or an organ to develop Mitosis - ANSWER-Nonreduction division of somatic cells Meiosis - ANSWER-Reduction division of germ cells Metabolism - ANSWER-Sum total of the physical and biochemical reactions occurring in each cell - anabolic and catabolic reactions Response to proper stimuli - ANSWER-Their cell membrane potential can undergo a rapid, but short term reversal in electrical potential so that the inside is positive to the outside. Tissue - ANSWER-A group of specialized cells Organs - ANSWER-Various tissues are associated in functional groups. System - ANSWER-A group of organs which participate in a common enterprise. Signal Transduction - ANSWER-the transmission of molecular signals from a cell's exterior to its interior The ligand is the primary messenger. And what are the primary internal chemical messengers? - ANSWER-Hormones and neurotransmitters are the primary internal chemical messengers What are the major four types of receptors? - ANSWER-Intracellular Ligand-Gated Ion Channel