Music Content Knowledge (5113) Exam Study Guide Graded A 2024

Antiquity - 500AD - 500BC Medieval - 500 - 1400 - Monophonic (plain chant) Renaissance - - Polyphonic voice lines (motet & madrigal), added bass instruments Baroque - - Counterpoint, small orchestras (flutes, oboes, horns, and violins), harpsichord and organ become more popular Classical - - Strings, opera, symphony, and chamber music Romantic - - More expressive, free-form, middle class music education, nationalism 20th Century - - Rejection of common practice Important Medieval Composers - Hildegard of Bingen - Abbess, experienced visions (due to migraines) Perotin - 4 - voice organum John Dunstable - first to use 3rds and 6ths Important Renaissance Composers - Guillaume Dufay - late life renaissance Palestrina - mostly sacred music, over 100 madrigals both secular and sacred William Byrd - known for survival in protestant England (he was catholic) Important Baroque Composers - Claudio Monteverdi - transition from the renaissance to the baroque Lully - most important french composer, death by cane (gangrene) Vivaldi - "the red priest" 500 concertos Handel - studied law first, messiah J.S Bach - orphan, organist, well-tempered clavier & brandenburg concertos System used to catalogue the compositions of J.S. Bach - BWV - Bach Werke Verzeichnis Important Classical Composers - Hydan - established standard for symphony, sonata, and string quartet Mozart - Don Giovanni, the magic flute Beethoven - Moonlight sonata, 5th, ode to joy Numbering scheme used to categorize Mozart's works - Kochel Catalog Important Romantic Composers - Schubert - creation of lied Chopin - expressive piano Brahms - last great of classical Tchaikovsky - ballets, swan lake & nutcracker Important 20th Century Composers - Stravinsky - the firebird suite, the rite of spring Copland - fanfare for the common man, appalachian spring John Cage - 4:33, imaginary landscape #4 (radios), prepared piano Bebop - Style developed in the 1940s. Fast tempo and improv, developed into modern jazz. (Dizzy) Blues - Originated in the deep south, both a form and a genre based on rhymed simple narrative ballads Dixieland - Riverboat jazz, hot jazz, lindy hop. Standard "when the saints go marching in" Gospel - Religious popular song that is characterized by strong vocals, sentimental Motown - Music that emerged from Detroit, Michigan in the 1960s. Its considered a style of soul music with a pop influence Ragtime - Characterized by its syncopated or ragged rhythm, popular between . It began as dance music in the red light districts. Scott Joplin, maple leaf rag Rhythm and Blues - Popular between . Played by an ensemble with a lead vocalist or instrumentalist, rhythm section, ensemble of voices or wind instruments, or guitar Swing - Originated in the 1930s. Big Band instrumentation, triplet feel Famous performers of the swing era - Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman Wynton Marsalis plays... - Trumpet Louis Armstrong... - Plays trumpet and sings John Coltrane plays... - Saxophone