Hole's Anatomy and physiology 16th edition chapter 22 Questions And Answers

Testes - ANS These are male gonads that produce sex cells called sperm. Ovaries - ANS These are female gonads that produce sex cells called ova, oocytes or eggs. Sex cells - ANS Produced by a special type of division called meiosis . Synapsis - ANS Pairing of homologous chromosomes Crossover - ANS exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes; to produce chromosomes with genetic information from both parents. Prophase 1 of Meiosis - ANS Involves synapsis and crossover occurs. Anaphase 1 - ANS Homologous chromosome pairs separate Telophase 1 - ANS Cell divides completely, forming 2 new haploid daughter cells, each new cell contains 23 individual chromosomes with 2 chromatids. Primary sex cells - ANS These are gonads that produce sperm cells, or spermatozoa and produce male sex hormones Testosterone - ANS Produced usually 1-2 months before birth by the developing testes triggers their descent into the scrotum Tunica albuginea - ANS Tough, fibrous capsule enclosing each testis seminiferous tubules - ANS A highly coiled tubules inside lobules containing spermatogenic cells that give rise to sperm cells. Interstitial cells - ANS Also known as Cells of Leydig; these cells produce and secretes male sex hormones Epididymis - ANS Coiled tube on surface of testis, that transports sperm from rete testis to ductus deferens. Promotes maturation of sperm cells. Dutus (Vas) Deferens - ANS Each extends from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct. Seminal vesicles - ANS Glands that secrete alkaline fluid which regulates pH in male and female tracts. Secreted fructose and prostaglandins. Contents empty into the ejaculatory duct, contributes most of volume of semen. Prostate gland - ANS Secrete a thin, milky alkaline fluid; secretion enhances sperm motility and contributes to volume of semen. bulbourethral glands - ANS Secreted mucus-like fluid into urethra, fluid released in response to sexual stimulation and lubricants end of penis. Semen - ANS Contains sperm plus various secretions of the accessory reproductive glands, sperm cells from the testes, contains secretion of the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands and contains prostaglandins and nutrients. Scrotum - ANS Pouch of skin and subcutaneous tissue, located behind the penis. Dartos muscle - ANS Smooth muscle in subcutaneous tissue that contracts and relaxes in respon