Biochemistry Final Exam Review Questions And Answers

Biochemistry Final Exam Review Questions And Answers In the fasted state, fatty acyl-CoAs are transported across the mitochondrial membrane. The transport of fatty acids via carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-1) can be directly inhibited by which of the following compounds? a. Malonyl-CoA b. Carnitine c. Palmitate d. Acetyl-CoA - ANS Malonyl-CoA In the fasted state, fatty acyl-CoAs are transported across the mitochondrial membrane. The transport of fatty acids via carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-1) can be directly inhibited by which of the following compounds? - ANS A 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his father. He reports his son has recently been very thirsty and needing to make frequent trips to the bathroom. Physical examination revealed a thin boy, in the 30th percentile for height and weight. A rapid dipstick test revealed glucose in his urine. Evaluation of this boy's blood would reveal decreased levels of what compound? a. Glutamine b. Glucose c. Epinephrine d. Insulin - ANS Insulin A 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his father. He reports his son has recently been very thirsty and needing to make frequent trips to the bathroom. Physical examination revealed a thin boy, in the 30th percentile for height and weight. A rapid dipstick test revealed glucose in his urine. Evaluation of this boy's blood would reveal decreased levels of what compound? - ANS Insulin The process of ketogenesis refers to the conversion of acetyl-CoA to what compound? a. Propinoyl-CoA b. D-3-hydroxybutyrate or beta-hydroxybutyrate c. Malonyl-CoA d. Methylmalonyl-CoA - ANS D-3-hydroxybutyrate or beta-hydroxybutyrate The process of ketogenesis refers to the conversion of acetyl-CoA to what compound? - ANS D-3-hydroxybutyrate or beta-hydroxybutyrate In the liver, which of the following key inhibitory events ensures that newly synthesized palmitoyl-CoA is not immediately oxidized? a. Inhibition of carnitine-palmitoyal transferase-II (CPT-II) by acetyl-CoA b. Inhibition of carnitine-palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) by malonyl-CoA c. Inhibition of carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CAT) by palmitoyl-CoA d. Inhibition of carnitine-palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) by palmitoyl-carnitine e. Inhibition of acyl-CoA by malonyl-CoA - ANS Inhibition of carnitine-palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) by malonyl-CoA In the liver, what key inhibitory events ensure that newly synthesized palmitoyl-CoA is not immediately oxidized? - ANS Inhibition of carnitine-palmitoyl transferase-I (CPT-I) by malonyl-CoA A 22-year-old woman engaging in a political protest goes on a hunger strike on a prominent corner in a city park. She refuses all offers of food except for water through the first 2 weeks. Under these conditions there is a decreased reliance on what pathway for fuel? a. Lipolysis b. Ketogenesis c. Gluconeogenesis d. Beta-oxidation - ANS Gluconeogenesis A 22-year-old woman engaging in a political protest goes on a hunger strike on a prominent corner in a city park. She refuses all offers of food except for water through the first 2 weeks. Under these conditions there is a decreased reliance on what pathway for fuel? - ANS Gluconeogenesis An individual goes to bed around 8 PM and doesn't wake up until 9 AM the next morning. During this time, what is the primary oxidizable substrate in the skeletal muscle? a. Glycogen b. Amino acids c. Lactate d. Free fatty acids - ANS free fatty acids