HOSA First Aid Latest Update Graded A+

HOSA First Aid Latest Update Graded A+ Wound Injury to soft tissues Open or closed 2 types of wounds Infection and bleeding control 2 main concerns for wounds Open wound Type of wound that causes a break in the skin or mucous membrane Closed wound Type of wound with no break in the skin but injury occurs to the underlying tissues Abrasion Type of open wound with skin scraped off and limited bleeding Incision Type of open wound where the skin is cut with a sharp object and leaves wound edges to be smooth and regular Laceration Type of open wound where tissues are torn from excessive force and there's heavy bleeding. Wound edges are jagged and irregular Puncture Type of open wound caused by a sharp pointed object with mostly internal bleeding and increased chance of infection Tetanus bacteria Most common infection with puncture wounds Avulsion Type of open wound where the tissue is torn or separated from the body and there's heavy and extensive bleeding Ear, nose, hand Common places for avulsion wounds and remember to preserve body part Amputation Type of open wound where the body part is cut off and separated from the body with heavy and extensive bleeding Wrap part in sterile/saline dressing. Place in plastic bag in ice water. Transport part with victim. NEVER DIRECTLY ON ICE! Care to preserve an amputated part and one important thing to remember Control bleeding First priority in wound care Arterial blood Type of blood that is bright red, spurts, and can be life threatening Venous blood Type of blood that's slower, steadier, dark red/maroon in color, and easier to control Capillary blood Type of blood that oozes slowly, clots easily, and less bright red Direct pressure. Elevation. Pressure bandage. Pressure points. Steps in order to control bleeding NOOOOO Should you disturb blood clots? Above heart level to allow gravity to aid in stopping bleeding Where should you raise the injured part and why? Fractures and broken bones For what types of wounds should you not use elevation? Brachial artery of arm and femoral artery of leg 2 main pressure points Swelling. Pus. Heat. Redness. Pain. Mostly red streaks Infection signs and symptoms Sign of infection that means the infection is in the blood What does red streaks mean? Leave them alone in the skin and remove by physician What to do with objects embedded in tissues? Shock Be prepared to treat what while caring for wounds? Calm Health care provider should always be.....