ALU 301 Chapter 1 Questions & Answers 100% Correct

Immune System - ANSWER-A complex system of cells and soluble molecules that interacts with both infective organisms and molecules from outside of the individual. Where do the cells of the immune system originate? - ANSWER-Bone marrow Pluripotential stem cell - ANSWER-All cells of immune system originate from this common stem cell. B-lymphocytes - ANSWER-Found in the bone marrow; fight off bacteria; produce antibodies T-lymphocytes - ANSWER-Found in the thymus gland; defend us from viruses; eliminate infected cells; natural defense against cancer. lymphocyte - ANSWER-Type of immune cell Innate Immune System - ANSWER-Present at birth and responds immediately to foreign material. Adaptive Immune System - ANSWER-Requires exposure to an infectious agent in order to trigger a protective response; produces memory cells. External physical barrier - ANSWER-Skin Internal physical barrier - ANSWER-Mucosal lining of the GI tract, genitourinary tract and upper respiratory tract. Types of white blood cells - ANSWER-Monocytes, neutrophils, natural killer cells Monocytes - ANSWER-Circulate in the blood and are one part of the differential in a CBC; mature into macrophages; 10% of the total WBC. Macrophages - ANSWER-Mature monocytes; main tissue-resident cell of the immune system; guard the borders of potential entry; found in many different organs. Neutrophils - ANSWER-Most abundant white blood cell in a CBC; circulate in the blood and concentrate at the site of an infection; aka granulocytes Natural Killer cells - ANSWER-Large lymphocytes with distinctive cytotoxic granules; destroy cancer cells. Complement system - ANSWER-34 proteins that compliment the actions of immune cells in destroying bacteria. Cytokines - ANSWER-Cell-to-cell chemical mediators made by immune cells to influence actions of other cells.