NURS 629 Exam 4 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024/2025

NURS 629 Exam 4 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024/2025 What is physiological jaundice? - answer-occurs when baby accumulates bilirubin -secondary to immature liver in newborns -Risk factor is prematurity What level is conjugated hyperbilirubinemia? - answerserum conjugated bilirubin concentration greater than 1 mg/dL if the total bilirubin is less than 5.0 mg/dL or more than 20% of the total bilirubin if the the total bilirubin is greater than 5 mg/dL (p. 862 AAP book) What is breastfeeding jaundice? - answer-due to poor intake that causes lack of stools and urine output -common in first week and resolves once milk comes in and infant is feeding well-more stools and urinary output -peaks around 2-3 weeks How do you diagnose jaundice? - answer-dx with a bili level of 5 mg/dL -12 mg/dL threshold for all newborns having jaundiced appearance -direct/indirect bili levels -CBC -reticulocyte count -use of How do you treat jaundice? - answerincreased intake, longer feeding indirect sunlight phototherapy IV fluids Bili lights Biliblanket What are other causes of jaundice? - answerabnormal blood cell shapes (like sickle cell) Rh incompatibility cephalohematoma polycythemia (increased RBCs, SGA infants, twins) infection specific enzyme disorders What is biliary atresia? - answer-life-threatening condition causing a blockage of bile ducts inside or outside of liver -leads to build-up of toxins (like bilirubin) -malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins A,D,E,K -scaring of the liver, loss of tissue, cirrhosis -not inherited What are the two types of biliary atresia? - answerfetal- noted in womb (other defects like heart, spleed, intestines) perinatal- appears 2-4 weeks after birth What causes biliary atresia? - answer-infection after birth (cytomegalovirus or rotavirus) -autoimmune disorder -developmental issue in womb -exposure to toxic substances What are symptoms of biliary atresia? - answerjaundice dark urine light to white stools poor wt gain and growth How do you diagnose biliary atresia? - answerany infant with jaundice present 2-3 weeks after birth -direct and indirect serum bilirubin -LFTs -abdominal x-ray -abdominal US -liver bx How do you treat biliary atresia? - answer-surgery (Kasai procedure), small intestine is attached directly to the liver to allow bile to flow into the small intestine bypassing the cystic, hepatic, and common bile duct. -liver transplant What are risk factors for dehydration? - answerGI virus NVD What are s/sx of dehydration? - answer-sunken fontanels -tachycardia and decrease cap refill >2-3 seconds -decrease urine output is sensitive but nonspecific -increase in urine specific gravity -decrease BP- late finding=more than 10% fluid loss How do you treat dehydration? - answer-if minimal, mild, moderate- oral rehydration -if severe (drowsy, cold extremities, lethargic, sunken/dry eyes, very depressed anterior fontanel, no tears, dry mouth/tongue, very decreased skin turgor, rapid/sometimes impalpable pulse, decreased/unrecordable pulse, deep/rapid respiratory rate, markedly reduced urine output) - IV fluids What is emesis? - answervomiting=symptom must distinguish from regurgitation in infants integrated response to noxious stimuli-coordinated by CNS What is acute emesis? - answershort-term abrupt onset episodic What is recurrent emesis? - answer-at least 3 episodes over 3 months -chronic -relatively mild but occurs frequently What is cyclic emesis? - answer-recurrent, intense episodes -periods of being asymptomatic How do you treat emesis? - answerNPO for 1-2 hrs