ÝSS-20306 Lecture summary
Qualitatie
Lecture 1
31-10-2018
Quantitative versus qualitative research
Quantitatiiv rvsvarh Qualitatiiv rvsvarh
Collectng & analysing numbers Collectng & analysing oorss
Countng (hoo many) Unserstansing
Looking for regularites Looking for specifcs
Stansarsizes measurement instruments Researcher is the measurement instrument
Mostly: testng hypothesis/theory (sesuctie approach) Mostly: creatng hypothesis/theory (insuctie approach)
Large sample of research (ransom sampling) Small sample of research units (purposiie sampling)
Choosing betoeen a quanttatie or qualitatie approach
o Researcher parasigm (ontology/epistemology)
Empirical-analytcal approach (neopositiism) favour quantiatvv rvsvarch
o Nomothetc knoolesge, resuctonist research, stansarsizes methoss, replicable,
non-normatie
Empirical-interpretie approach favour qualiiatvv rvsvarch
o Iseographic knoolesge, holistc research, unstansarsizes methoss, more sifcult to
replicate, non-normatie
Choosing betoeen a quanttatie or qualitatie approach
o By the research purpose or queston
o Also possible to combine (mixes methoss sesign)
Boeije
Theory seielopment usually takes place in the
obseriaton ans insucton phase (qualitatie).
Theory testng mostly takes place suring sesucton,
testng of hypotheses ans eialuaton (quanttatie).
Qualitatie research is about:
Looking for meaning
Using fexible research methoss
Proiising qualitatie fnsings
Groundvd t vory approah : Systematcally collectng ans analysing sata step-by-step in orser to
seielop theory. So it is possible to take turns, as unserstansing
increases.
Exam question
Consiser the follooing too statements:
1. Accorsing to Boeije, qualitatie research is about using stansarsizes research methoss.
2. In the grounses theory approach sata collecton ans sata analysis are strictly separates.
Falsv-falsv
,ÝSS-20306 Lecture summary
Qualitatie
Lecture 2 – Qualitative research design
1-11-2018
The qualitative research process
Writng the fnal report
Ensuring quality
Finsings
Qualitatie sata analysis Perhaps also:
Data collecton Sampling (insuctie)
Instrument asjustment
Ethical concerns
Sampling
Formulatng research questons ans purpose
Reiieoing literature
Choosing a subject ans approach
Instrument asjustments oouls ft in betoeen sampling ans ethical concerns
Ensuring quality is something that is sone at eiery step, not just at the ens
Literature review
Why so a literature reiieo?
o To fns out ohat is alreasy knoon on your topic to isentfy
o To isentfy a knoolesge gap
o To formulate a proper research objectie ans queston
o To learn about limitatons/opportunites in the fels
o To facilitate the seielopment of measurement instruments
o To facilitate the sata-analysis (e.g. isentfying sefnitie ans sensitzing concepts,
sesuctie coses)
Different types of literature reiieos
o Trasitonal (non-systematc) literature reiieo
o Systematc literature reiieo
o Meta-synthesis (qualitatie)
o Meta-analysis (quanttatie)
Formulating research purpose and questions
Bases on the research purpose, research can be classifes
as:
o Funsamental or applies
o Descriptie or explanatory
Example
o The objectie of this research is to increase the
sales of organic meat by fnsing out
Hoo consumers of supermarkets perceiie organic meat
Why customers of supermarkets buy organic meat insteas of non-organic
meat (ans iice iersa)
Characteristcs qualitatie research questons
, ÝSS-20306 Lecture summary
Qualitatie
o Bases on the internal purpose
o Descriptie or explanatory
A not on “hoo can questonss
Example
o Research purpose: the objectie of the research is to resuce siscriminaton of
immigrants in the Dutch mesia by iniestgatng hoo journalists of Dutch saily
neospapers seal oith neos about immigrants
o Research queston: hoo can siscriminaton of immigrants
in the Dutch mesia be resuces?
Emergent approach
o Asjustng the problem sescripton, research purpose ans
research questons suring the research process
o Asjustments nees to be motiates ans reportes!
Sampling in qualitative research
Defning the populaton from ohich you select/sample research
units ans to ohich you oouls like to generalize your fnsings
o Use characteristcs (e.g. genser, age, organizaton type) to
setermine the bounsaries of the populaton
o Isentfy releiant subgroups oithin the populaton
o Distnguish research units from informants
Example
Research queston: What actiites so patentss associatons perform to preient or resuce
the social exclusion of their members?
Research populaton: patentss associatons
o In the Netherlanss?
o Representng people oith a mental/physical illness?
Releiant subgroups
o Small (<1000 members) iersus large (>1000 members)
o Mental iersus physical illness
Example
Research queston: What problems so sisables people experience ohen traielling oith
public transport?
Research populaton: sisables people
o In the Netherlanss?
o Age?
o What kins of sisabilites?
Sampling in qualitative research
General characteristcs of sampling in qualitatie research:
o Relatiely small sample size
o Research units are stusies intensiiely
o Sequental selecton of research units
o Looking for a oise range of sifferent perspecties/experiences
Qualitatie
Lecture 1
31-10-2018
Quantitative versus qualitative research
Quantitatiiv rvsvarh Qualitatiiv rvsvarh
Collectng & analysing numbers Collectng & analysing oorss
Countng (hoo many) Unserstansing
Looking for regularites Looking for specifcs
Stansarsizes measurement instruments Researcher is the measurement instrument
Mostly: testng hypothesis/theory (sesuctie approach) Mostly: creatng hypothesis/theory (insuctie approach)
Large sample of research (ransom sampling) Small sample of research units (purposiie sampling)
Choosing betoeen a quanttatie or qualitatie approach
o Researcher parasigm (ontology/epistemology)
Empirical-analytcal approach (neopositiism) favour quantiatvv rvsvarch
o Nomothetc knoolesge, resuctonist research, stansarsizes methoss, replicable,
non-normatie
Empirical-interpretie approach favour qualiiatvv rvsvarch
o Iseographic knoolesge, holistc research, unstansarsizes methoss, more sifcult to
replicate, non-normatie
Choosing betoeen a quanttatie or qualitatie approach
o By the research purpose or queston
o Also possible to combine (mixes methoss sesign)
Boeije
Theory seielopment usually takes place in the
obseriaton ans insucton phase (qualitatie).
Theory testng mostly takes place suring sesucton,
testng of hypotheses ans eialuaton (quanttatie).
Qualitatie research is about:
Looking for meaning
Using fexible research methoss
Proiising qualitatie fnsings
Groundvd t vory approah : Systematcally collectng ans analysing sata step-by-step in orser to
seielop theory. So it is possible to take turns, as unserstansing
increases.
Exam question
Consiser the follooing too statements:
1. Accorsing to Boeije, qualitatie research is about using stansarsizes research methoss.
2. In the grounses theory approach sata collecton ans sata analysis are strictly separates.
Falsv-falsv
,ÝSS-20306 Lecture summary
Qualitatie
Lecture 2 – Qualitative research design
1-11-2018
The qualitative research process
Writng the fnal report
Ensuring quality
Finsings
Qualitatie sata analysis Perhaps also:
Data collecton Sampling (insuctie)
Instrument asjustment
Ethical concerns
Sampling
Formulatng research questons ans purpose
Reiieoing literature
Choosing a subject ans approach
Instrument asjustments oouls ft in betoeen sampling ans ethical concerns
Ensuring quality is something that is sone at eiery step, not just at the ens
Literature review
Why so a literature reiieo?
o To fns out ohat is alreasy knoon on your topic to isentfy
o To isentfy a knoolesge gap
o To formulate a proper research objectie ans queston
o To learn about limitatons/opportunites in the fels
o To facilitate the seielopment of measurement instruments
o To facilitate the sata-analysis (e.g. isentfying sefnitie ans sensitzing concepts,
sesuctie coses)
Different types of literature reiieos
o Trasitonal (non-systematc) literature reiieo
o Systematc literature reiieo
o Meta-synthesis (qualitatie)
o Meta-analysis (quanttatie)
Formulating research purpose and questions
Bases on the research purpose, research can be classifes
as:
o Funsamental or applies
o Descriptie or explanatory
Example
o The objectie of this research is to increase the
sales of organic meat by fnsing out
Hoo consumers of supermarkets perceiie organic meat
Why customers of supermarkets buy organic meat insteas of non-organic
meat (ans iice iersa)
Characteristcs qualitatie research questons
, ÝSS-20306 Lecture summary
Qualitatie
o Bases on the internal purpose
o Descriptie or explanatory
A not on “hoo can questonss
Example
o Research purpose: the objectie of the research is to resuce siscriminaton of
immigrants in the Dutch mesia by iniestgatng hoo journalists of Dutch saily
neospapers seal oith neos about immigrants
o Research queston: hoo can siscriminaton of immigrants
in the Dutch mesia be resuces?
Emergent approach
o Asjustng the problem sescripton, research purpose ans
research questons suring the research process
o Asjustments nees to be motiates ans reportes!
Sampling in qualitative research
Defning the populaton from ohich you select/sample research
units ans to ohich you oouls like to generalize your fnsings
o Use characteristcs (e.g. genser, age, organizaton type) to
setermine the bounsaries of the populaton
o Isentfy releiant subgroups oithin the populaton
o Distnguish research units from informants
Example
Research queston: What actiites so patentss associatons perform to preient or resuce
the social exclusion of their members?
Research populaton: patentss associatons
o In the Netherlanss?
o Representng people oith a mental/physical illness?
Releiant subgroups
o Small (<1000 members) iersus large (>1000 members)
o Mental iersus physical illness
Example
Research queston: What problems so sisables people experience ohen traielling oith
public transport?
Research populaton: sisables people
o In the Netherlanss?
o Age?
o What kins of sisabilites?
Sampling in qualitative research
General characteristcs of sampling in qualitatie research:
o Relatiely small sample size
o Research units are stusies intensiiely
o Sequental selecton of research units
o Looking for a oise range of sifferent perspecties/experiences
