COM 111 EXAM 2- CONNECTS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT

COM 111 EXAM 2- CONNECTS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT TRUE TRUE OR FALSE: A claim that the beast way to stimulate an attitude change in others is to offer just enough incentive to elicit counterattitudinal behavior is the minimal justification hypothesis. selective exposure The hypothesis that describes the tendency that people have to avoid information that would create cognitive dissonance because it is incompatible with their current beliefs is called the ____ ____ hypothesis. Counterattitudinal Advocacy Paul and his project teammates urge their classmates to join their team stating that it is an extremely fun project, when in reality it is not. In relation to Cognitive Dissonance Theory, this scenario is an example of: self-perception According to Cornell University psychologist Dr. Bem, attitudes change when people act counter to their beliefs with minimum justification because of _____. attitude/behavior inconsistency, dissonance created, attitude change, dissonance reduced Arrange Festinger's process model of cognitive dissonance in the correct sequence where 1 happens first and 4 happens last. their actions and attitudes are in harmony Festinger hypothesized selective exposure, postdecision dissonance, and minimal justification, as three mental mechanisms that people use to ensure that: Greater importance of the issue Identify a condition that heightens postdecision dissonance. F T/F: A dissonance thermometer measures the arousal component of dissonance through psychological measures. Selective Exposure In relation to Festinger's hypothesis, people tend to stick with their own kind because of a process called: trivialization of the situation Steele believes that for a person who already has high self esteem, ____ is an alternative to attitude change. inconsistencies between cognition and an individual's self-concept In relation to Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory, Ellito Aronson believed that _____ produce dissonance. F T/F :The distressing mental state caused by inconsistency between a person's two beliefs or a belief and an action is called cognitive consonance. TRUE TRUE/FALSE :Publicly urging others to believe or do something tha tis opposed to what the advocate actually believes is called counterattitudinal advocacy. dissonance avoidance Bea, a chain smoker, is troubled by claims that smoking will kill you. She convinces herself that the results are flawed and continues smoking. This is an example of: which has the weakest resistance to change Matt, a habitual smoker, is confronted with the cognition that smoking is injurious to health. Whether the behavior or cognition will change as a result of this knowledge is determined by: postdecision Strong doubts after making an important, close-call decision that is difficult to reverse is called _____ dissonance. high self-esteem If Claude Steele's view that dissonance doesn't always drive people to change their attitude is correct, ____ is a resource for dissonance reduction. Chris states that his prof's lectures are boring when they're actually good. In relation to Festinger's Cognitive Dissonance theory, identify a counteattitudinal adocacy situation: Create another justification According to Festinger's famous $1/$20 experiment, when a minimum reward is barely enough to induce compliance to a request, people ______. true true or false Public conformity to another's expectation without necessarily having a private conviction that matches the behavior is called compliance. resistance toward counter persuasions In relation to elaboration likelihood model, one of the three factors in the triple crown of interpersonal influence is: True True or False: Speaker credibility is the audience perception of the message source's expertise, character, and dynamism; typically a peripheral cue. central Which route of processing requires higher levels of cognitive effort? biased elaboration According to Petty and Cacioppo, top-down thinking in which predetermined conclusions color the supporting data is referred to as: peripheral Which route of processing requires little cognitive effort? the less they'll listen to his ideas Tomas, an activist, is presenting his views on genetically modified foods at a public park. According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, the more the people judge his appearance, _______. source credibility An important cue in peripheral processing is: T T/F: Motivation and ability strongly increase the likelihood that a message will be elaborated in the minds of listeners. the listener is motivated to scrutinize the message According to Petty, a variable would cease to act as a peripheral cue if _____. true true or false: Quicker decisions can be made using the peripheral route than the central route. TRUE- TRUE/ FALSE The effect of persuasion by even powerful peripheral cues is usually short-lived. objective According to Petty and Cacioppo, bottom-up thinking in which facts are scrutinized without bias is referred to as _____ elaboration. find ways to establish if she can trust the speaker from the way he is dressed While listening to a speech on marriage, Kim is distracted by her friends' laughter. In relation to Elaboration Likelihood Model, even if the speaker repeats himself, in the midst of distraction, Kim would most likely: False True/ False: Petty and Cacioppo maintain that as long as people have a personal stake in accepting or rejecting an idea, they will be much more influenced by the characteristics of the persuader than by what the message says. repetition In relation to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, in the case where distraction disrupts elaboration, ___ can be used to ensure the main point is received by the listener. storytellers The Narrative Paradigm promotes the belief that humans are _____. Logos Walter Fisher notes that originally _____ meant a combination of concepts including story, rationale, discourse, and thought. reason Plato and Aristotle distinguished mythos as story and emotion and logos as _____. LOGOS Aristotle asserts that only _____ lead to true knowledge because it provides a system of logic that can be proven valid. Narrative According to Fisher, the _____ paradigm allows people to move away from an either/or dualism toward a more unified sense that embodies science, philosophy, story, myth, and logic. Aesthetic considerations, Emotions, Values Select all that apply- According to the Narrative Paradigm, which of the following ground humans' beliefs and behaviors? (Check all that apply.) Paradigm Shift A significant change in the way most people see the world and its meanings can be called as the rationality According to the assumptions of the Narrative Paradigm, _____ is based on people's judgments of a story's consistency and truthfulness. rhetoric The concept of _____ falls somewhere between the elevated logic of logos and the inferior status of poetics or mythos. true knowledge According to Aristotle's ranking of mythos, logos, and rhetoric, some discourse is superior to others by virtue of its relationship to _____. the world is experienced by people as a set of stories from which to choose among Unlike the Rational World Paradigm, the Narrative Paradigm states that _____. rational world According to Walter Fisher, the _____ paradigm refers to a system of logic employed by many researchers and professionals. humanity The universality of narrative prompts Walter Fisher to suggest the term Homo narrans as the overarching metaphor for defining _____. false true or false: The Narrative Paradigm assumes that behavior is a loop between stimuli and the responses people exhibit to those stimuli. We experience the world as filled with stories, and we must choose among them. Identify the correct statement with regard to the assumptions of the Narrative paradigm. Multiple choice question. narrative rationality is affected by history, biography, culture, and character The Narrative Paradigm assumes that _____. decision making is based on arguments Unlike the Narrative Paradigm, the Rational World Paradigm assumes that _____. Storytelling The Narrative Paradigm assumes that the essential nature of humans is rooted in _____. People make decisions about which stories to accept or reject based on good reasons. Identify the correct statement about the second assumption of the Narrative Paradigm. recreate their lives According to the Narrative Paradigm, the world is a set of stories, and as people choose among them, they experience life differently, allowing them to _____. The Narrative Paradigm Identify the paradigm that supports the statement that people are influenced by the context in which they are embedded. narration In Fisher's perspective, _____ includes any verbal or nonverbal account to which listeners assign meaning. rationality Traditional tests of _____ include whether claims correspond to actual facts, whether all relevant facts have been considered, and whether arguments are internally consistent. coherence The principle of narrative rationality that refers to the internal consistency of a story is known as narrative Coherence is the standard of sensemaking applied to a given _____. internally consistent and truthful The Narrative Paradigm asserts that people believe stories insofar as the stories seem _____. Characterological ___ coherence refers to the believability of the characters in a story. social influence Fisher argues that narrative is not a specific genre but rather, it is a mode of _____.