Family Medicine EOR Infectious Disease (Smarty PANCE) (Latest 2023 / 2024) Actual Questions and Answers 100% Correct

Family Medicine EOR Infectious Disease (Smarty PANCE) (Latest 2023 / 2024) Actual Questions and Answers 100% Correct 1. What isthe causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? Answer: HIVis the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 2. What isthe RNA structure of HIV? Answer: HIV issingle-stranded and linear envelopedRNA virus 3. How does untreated HIV infection initially present? Answer: Untreated HIV infectioninitially presents with flu like symptoms, followed by a period of clinical latency. 4. Reactivation of this parasitic protozoa can occur in AIDS patients, leading to brain abscesses? Answer: Toxoplasma reactivation can occur in AIDS patients, leadingto brain abscesses 5. What is the preferred testing algorithm for HIV? Answer: The preferred testing algorithm uses a fourth-generation antigen/antibody combination HIV-1/2 immunoassayplus a confirmatory HIV-1/HIV-2 antibody differentiation immunoassay An alternative approach involves ELISA (screening test) which if positive is con- firmed by WesternBlot.Rapid testing is done by blood orsaliva test with confirmatorytesting if positive 6. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy typically occurs in AIDS patients with a CD4+ cell count less what? Answer: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy typically occurs in AIDS patients with a CD4+ cell count of less than200/mm3. 7. What are the chances of contracting HIV from a needlestick injury involvinga patient with known HIV? Answer: The chances of contracting HIV from a needlestick injury involving a patient with known HIV is < 0.3% 8. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia typically occurs in AIDS patients with a CD4+ cell count less than what? Answer: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia typicallyoccurs in AIDS patients with a CD4+ cell count of less than 200/mm3 9. When should PEP be started after exposure? Answer: PEP should be started within 72 hours of exposure.Testing should be done on the worker and the patient - restingat 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months. Antiretrovirals combo therapy with drugs fromdifferent classes should be continued for at least 4 weeks, full course PEP reducesthe chance of HIV transmission by up to 70%