Surgical ICU || All Answers Are Correct 100%.

What is the nurse to patient ratio in the ICU? correct answers 1:2, with nursing care needed every hour on the hour Who is the primary care provider when the patient enters a closed ICU? correct answers the ICU staff What procedures can occur bedside in the ICU? correct answers most all, bronch, central lines Where can central lines be placed? correct answers subclavian, internal jugular, and femoral Of the these sites, which is more prone to infections and why? correct answers the femoral site bc the groin is dark moist and grows stuff so typically don't leave it more than 24 hours What are central lines made of and what size and type are mostly used? correct answers polyurethane, 7 french, triple lumen What does PIC stand for and what is it made of? correct answers peripheral inserted catheter, made of silicone Why is heparin preferred for anticoagulation? correct answers bc it is short acting and reversible What is the MOA of heparin?? correct answers inhibition of platelets, binds to antithrombin II which then inactivates thrombin and other proteases involved in blood clotting, most notably factor Xa. What reverses heparin? correct answers Protamine Sulfate What is the route and dose typically administered of heparin? correct answers subQ injections 5000 units every 8 hours for prophylaxis What lab would you use to guide treatment with heparin? correct answers PTT- not the PT/INR!! What is not typically given as an anticoagulant to patients that have a risk for bleeding or renal failure, even though it is easier than heparin? correct answers Lovenox Besides heparin and lovenox, what are other common anticoagulants? correct answers aspirin, plavix, and warfarin What GI risk are patients in the ICU prone to? correct answers stress ulcers, they are NPO and so the acid is more concentrated, give Pepcid or PPI by I V, risk decreases once they start eating Why can a PIC stay in longer? correct answers bc they travel longer before reaching a central vessel, thick fluids may be harder to push through for this reason and they are more likely to clot