BCAT Exam 2024 Questions & Answers 100% accurate

Positive reinforcement - ANSWER Give something that increases behavior Negative reinforcement - ANSWER Take something away that increases behavior Positive punishment - ANSWER Give something that decreases behavior Negative punishment - ANSWER Take something away that decreases behavior Reinforcer - ANSWER A stimulus that increases the probability of a desired response Punisher - ANSWER A stimulus that decreases the probability of a desired response Conditioned reinforcer - ANSWER A learned reinforcer; we are not born seeking these items as reinforcers Unconditioned reinforcer - ANSWER Inherently reinforcing for all humans from birth; they do not need to be learned; water, warmth, oxygen are examples; they are typically required for survival Extinction - ANSWER When the reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued and as a result the frequency of that behavior decreases in the future Deprivation - ANSWER Withholding a reinforcer that increases relevant learning and performance; not having access to something that is highly desirable; often used to increase the value of an item Satiation - ANSWER The opposite of deprivation; refers to having too much- if the same reinforcer is used over and over again it will lose its reinforcing value Contingency - ANSWER A type of intervention that is used to increase desirable behaviors or decrease undesirable behaviors; specifies target behavior, the conditions under which the behavior will occur, and the benefits or consequences that will come with meeting or failing to meet the target; dependent and/or temporal relations between operant behavior and its controlling variables Motivating operation (MO) - ANSWER Increase desire for motivation (capture or create motivation prior to the task); more correct response, less problem behaviors; antecedent situations that change effectiveness of a reinforcer and the occurrence of behaviors that have been reinforced by those consequences (e.g., establishing operation, abolishing op